Peregrine Exam 2023 with All Questions and Answers What is a general ledger? - ANSWER A general ledger account is an account or record used to sort, store and summarize a company's transactions. asset accounts such as Cash, Accounts Receivable, Inventory, Investments, Land, and Equipment liability accounts including Notes Payable, Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses Payable, and Customer Deposits stockholders' equity accounts such as Common Stock, Retained Earnings, Treasury Stock, and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income What is the difference between accounts payable and accounts receivable? - ANSWER Accounts payable is a current liability account in which a company records the amounts it owes to suppliers or vendors for goods or services that it received on credit. Accounts receivable is a current asset account in which a company records the amounts it has a right to collect from customers who received goods or services on credit. What is the cost of goods sold? - ANSWER The cost of goods sold is the cost of t he products that a retailer, distributor, or manufacturer has sold. What is owner's equity? - ANSWER Owner's equity is one of the three main sections of a sole proprietorship's balance sheet and one of the components of the accoun ting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity. What is principles of accounting? - ANSWER Principles of accounting can also refe r to the basic or fundamental accounting principles: cost principles, matching principles, full disclosure principles, materiality principles, going concern principles, economic entity principles, and so on. In this context, principles of accounting refers to the broad underlying concepts which guide accountants when preparing financial statements. What is equity? - ANSWER Equity can indicate an ownership interest in a business, such as stockholders' equity or owner's equity. Equity can mean an owner's interest in a personal asset. For example, the owner of a $200,000 house that has a mortgage loan of $75,000 is said to have $125, 000 of equity in the house. What is meant by reconciling an account? - ANSWER Reconciling an account is likely to mean proving or documenting that an account balance is correct. What is included in cash and cash equivalents? - ANSWER In accounting, a company's cash includes the following: currency and coins checks received from customers but not yet deposited checking accounts petty cash Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments with a maturity date that was 3 months or less at the time of purchase. money market accounts U.S. Treasury Bills commercial paper What is the difference between an implicit cost and an explicit cost? - ANSWER An implicit cost is present but it is not initially shown or reported as a separate cost. An explicit cost is a cost that is present and it is clearly shown or reported as a separate cost. What is the difference between stocks and bonds? - ANSWER Stocks, or shares of capital stock, represent an ownership interest in a corporation. Every corporation has common stock. Bonds are a form of long-term debt in which the issuing corporation promises to pay the principal amount at a specified maturity date. AN INCREASE TO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ACCOUNTS WILL INCREASE OWNERS' EQUITY? - ANSWER Client Fees IN TIMES OF RISING PRICES, THE INVENTORY COST METHOD THAT WILL YIELD THE LOWEST NET INCOME IS: - ANSWER LIFO (LIFO is the acronym for last-in, first-out, which is a cost flow assumption often used by U.S. corporations in moving costs from inventory to the cost of goods sold. Example: Assume that a corporation uses LIFO and has three units of a product in its inventory. Due to its supplier raising its prices, the corporation purchased the items at different costs and in the following sequence: $40, $44, and $46. The corporation ships the oldest item (the one purchased for $40) to a customer at a selling price of $60 .
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