NBCOT exam topics 2023 WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS

motivational interviewing client-centered communication style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients and groups explore and resolve ambivalence to change a collaborative, person-centered form of guiding to elicit and strengthen motivation for change 1.) Roll with resistance 2.) Express empathy 3.) Develop Discrepancy 4.) Support self Efficacy what age to children begin to scribble? 10-12 mo Children imitate horizontal & vertical line 2 years old Children copy lines & circle 3 years old dysphonia difficulty producing speech sounds, usually due to hoarseness caused by an abnormality with the vocal cords (also known as vocal folds) but there can be other causes from problems with airflow from the lungs or abnormalities with the structures of the throat near the vocal cords. aphonia may occur from conditions that impair the vocal cords, such as cerebrovascular accident (stroke), myasthenia gravis (neuromuscular disease), and cerebral palsy. Complete Loss of Voice related to nervous system conditions is caused by an interruption in signals (neural impulses) between the larynx and the brain. visual closure difficulty finding object if in incomplete form (covered partially) Hyperlexia (Definition) Extreme interest in letters and words, early ability to read, no comprehension How to elicit a swallow reflex place cold dental exam mirror to inferior faucial arches oral hyper-sensitive improve sensory discrimination of oral structures. Intervention Activities will include oral motor games to address specific sensory modulation challenges Stages of Play solitary(0-1), parallel(2), associative(3-4), cooperative (4+) sensorimotor stage in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities animal assisted therapy Treatment approach in which interactions with pets and other animals are used to bring about therapeutic benefits Anchoring technique Strategy used in visual scanning training where a visual cue (e.g., a solid line or a bright colored, thin strip) is placed in the impaired field of view and the client is encouraged to scan to the visual cue Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills (PASS) The PASS is a client-centered , performance-based, criterion-reference, observational tool that assists occupational therapy practitioners to objectively document occupational performance and plan occupation-based interventions for adolescent, adult, and older adult populations in a variety of settings. The PASS consists of 26 core tasks, categorized in four domains. The PASS includes 5 functional mobility (FM) tasks, 3 basic activities of daily living (BADL) tasks, 4 instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) tasks with a physical emphasis, and 14 IADL tasks with a cognitive emphasis. BP Seek emergency care if your blood pressure reading is 180/110 or higher Seated HR If you're sitting down and feeling calm, your heart shouldn't beat more than about 100 times per minute. Activate emergency response Goal Attainment Scaling +2 Much more than expected +1 More than expected 0 Expected Outcome -1 Less than expected -2 Much less than expected