ATI RN Community Health Nursing Study
Guide
Systems thinking Ans- Studies how an individual, or unit, interacts with other organizations or systems
Upstream thinking Ans- Is used to focus on interventions that promote health or prevent illness, as
opposed to medical treatment models that focu...
ATI RN Community Health Nursing Study
Guide
Systems thinking Ans- Studies how an individual, or unit, interacts with other organizations or systems
Upstream thinking Ans- Is used to focus on interventions that promote health or prevent illness, as
opposed to medical treatment models that focus on care after an individual becomes ill
Nightingale's Environmental Theory Ans- -Highlights the relationship between an individual's
environment and health
-Depicts health as a continuum
-Emphasizes preventive care
Health Belief Model Ans- -Purpose is to predict health behaviors
-Emphasizes change at the individual level
-Assumes that the preventive health behaviors are taken primarily for the purpose of avoiding disease
Milio's Framework for Prevention Ans- -Emphasizes change at the community level
-Identifies relationship between health deficits and availability of health-promoting resources
Pender's Health Promotion Model Ans- -Does not consider health risk as a factor that provokes change
-Examines factors that affect individuals actions like: personal factors, feelings, benefits, barriers,
attitudes of others, and abilities
Determinants of Health Ans- Factors that influence that client's health.
--> nutrition, stress, education, environment, finances, and social status
Health Indicators Ans- Describe the health status of a community and serve as targets for the
improvement of a community's health
,--> mortality rates, disease prevalence, levels of physical activity, obesity, tobacco, or other substance
use
Community Ans- -A group of people and institutions that share geographic, civic, and/or social
parameters
-The "community is the client" in community health nursing
Goals of Community Health Nursing Ans- Promote, preserve, and maintain the health of populations by
the delivery of health services to individuals, families, and groups in order to influence "community
health"
Public Health Nursing Ans- -It is population-focused, and involves a combination of nursing knowledge
along with social and public health sciences
-GOAL: promote health and preventing disease
PHN: Assessment Ans- -Using systematic methods to monitor the health of a population
-->Monitor health status to identify community health problems
-->Diagnose and investigate health problems/hazards in the community
PHN: Policy Development Ans- Developing laws and practices to promote the health of a population
based on scientific evidence
PHN: Assurance Ans- Making sure adequate health care personnel and services are accessible, especially
to those who might not normally have them
Population-focused Nursing Ans- -Includes assessing to determine needs, intervening to protect and
promote health, and preventing disease within a specific population
Key Principles of PHN: Ans- -Emphasize primary prevention
-Work to achieve the greatest good for the largest number of individuals
-Recognize that the client is a partner in health
-Use resources wisely to promote the best outcomes
,Ethics Ans- Preventing harm, doing no harm, promoting good, respecting both individual and community
rights, respecting autonomy and diversity, and providing confidentiality, competency, trustworthiness,
and advocacy
Advocacy Ans- The nurse plays the role of informer, supporter, and mediator for the client
Evidence-Based Practice Ans- -Involves using the best practices, expert opinion, and client preferences
to change the delivery of client care
-GOAL: improve client outcomes
EBP: Data Ans- The nurse should appraise data collected from research to measure whether bias was
minimal (quality), the number of studies, participants, or strength of effect (quantity) and whether the
results are repeatable (consistency)
Quality Ans- Quality assurance, improvement, and management are part of improvement of health care
Total quality management (TQM) Ans- Approach that seeks to improve quality and performance which
meets or exceeds expectations
Continuous quality improvement (CQI) Ans- Approach to quality management that emphasizes the
organization and its processes and systems and uses objective data to analyze and improve processes
Community Health Education Ans- -Nurses regularly provide health education in order to promote,
maintain, and restore the health of populations
-Nurses must take in account the barriers that make learning difficult like: age, cultural beliefs, poor
reading skills, and language barriers
-Effective community health education requires planning
Learning Theories: Behavioral Theory Ans- Use of reinforcement methods to change learners' behavior
, Learning Theories: Cognitive Theory Ans- Use of sensory input and repetition to change learners'
patterns of thought, thereby changing behaviors
Learning Theories: Critical Theory Ans- Use of ongoing discussion and inquiry to increase learners' depth
of knowledge, thereby changing thinking and behaviors
Learning Theories: Developmental Theory Ans- Use of techniques specific to learners' developmental
stages to determine readiness to learn, and to impart knowledge
Learning Theories: Humanistic Theory Ans- Assists learners to grow by emphasizing emotions and
relationships and believing that free choice will prompt actions that are in their own best interest
Learning Theories: Social Learning Theory Ans- Links information to beliefs and values to change or shift
the learners' expectations
Domains of Learning: Cognitive Ans- Involves knowledge and the development of intellectual skills
Domains of Learning: Affective Ans- Involves a change in attitude and development of values
Domains of Learning: Psychomotor Ans- Involves the performance of a skill
Development of a Community Health Education Plan Ans- -First, identify population-specific learning
needs
-Design the educational program
-Implement the educational program
-Evaluate the achievement of learning objectives
Epidemiology Ans- The study of health-related trends in populations for the purposes of disease
prevention, health maintenance, and health protection
Epidemiology Process Ans- A systematic method of targeting a specific health need with the goal of
improving health
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