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Unit 21 part C, distinction quality work
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BTEC Applied ScienceUnit 21 . Medical Physics Application.
C:Understand health and safety,associated risks,side effects and limitations of ionising and
non-ionising instrumentation techniques in medical applications.
1)MRI
Health and safety Risks Side effects Limitations
A health and safety A risk of an MRI is having The contrast dye People who cannot have an
guideline that is used people with claustrophobia which is injected into MRI are:
by medical professions within the machine,this can a person to help the People with autism due to
when patients are in an put the patient under a severe radiologist gain a their noise sensitivity are
MRI is to ensure the amount of stress,having this clearer view of the sensations of moving to
patient does not have much stress can cause even internal part of the cover their ears which
any skin contact with more problems such as body has many side eventually can affect the
the machine because it hypertension (High-blood effects such as: results in a negative way.
can cause burns,this pressure) or heart problems. Nausea,skin People with metal parts
occurs because of the Another risk is that an MRI is rashes,dizziness and within their body to keep
induced current within really loud which will affect headaches.Nausea is certain organs and bones in
the walls of the gantry people with certain the sensation of place eg.heart
but also happens due to conditions such as autism,this needing to vomit due pacemakers.This is because
the having of no happens because people with to the unease of the the MRI machine is a magnet
electrical formation due autism have intense stomach.Treatment is and that magnets are
to the disturbance of sensitivity to noise which may to take sips of a cold attracted to metals.
having skin contact. be painful,this can also mess drink eg.water and to People with a huge body size
this is normally acute. up the MRI results due to the get fresh air.Skin cannot have an MRI because
(Sudden onset person having the feeling of rashes has the they cannot fit into the
condition.) having to cover their ears. definition of have machine.
A documented case that There was a study conducted areas of the skin look People with
was recorded was to at the university of Los inflamed and Claustrophobia,this is
ensure the enforcement Angeles,California saying that irritation.Treatment: because of their fear of
of the guideline because there were 2 children,one with Hydrocortisone cream. enclosed spaces.
this problem has autism and one which is Dizziness is treated by People who have tattoos,this
occurred with patients normal and that the study was Resting and drinking a is because tattoos contain
before such as one to look at different parts of lot of fluids such as traces of metal.
patient received a burn the brain to help detect what water. Finally people with allergies
of his thigh which parts were affected when both to the contrast dye,this is
ranged from 1-2 degree children were exposed to because there is a risk of
burn. noise. anaphylaxis shock and airway
closure.
, 2)Ultrasound:
Health and safety Risks Side effects Limitations
An health and safety Within ultrasounds Allergic reactions for Ultrasounds cannot be
guideline for an there are risks with the latex which is the used in cancer patients
ultrasound is to reduce other pieces of ultrasound cover can as it can cause an
the risks of thermal equipment such as the cause problems such as increase in cellular
energy for things such gel.This is noticed as rashes and in severe activity and the
as:Imaging an embryo dangerous due to the cases airway movement of cancer
before the eight week of gel being embryo closure.Furthermore cells.Females who are
contraception,examining toxic.Also that the gel risks with the sedative pregnant are advised
the head or any part of can cause minor skin such as headaches and not to get an
the central nervous irritations or allergic decrease in breathing ultrasound.
system of a foetus or a reactions.Also the types can be caused. People who have
newborn child and also of ultrasounds have Discomfort can be a pacemakers in
when professionals want risks such as the side effect of internal them,this is because the
to look at the imaging of endoscopic ultrasound ultrasounds due to pacemaker's original
the eye for any age group. can cause sore throat them pressing on the function can be altered.
Another one is to reduce and bloating and in skin.Side effects of the People with vascular
exposure time to a foetus severe cases internal ultrasound gel is having problems cannot have
when the mother’s bleeding. the dying and flaking of an ultrasound because
temperature is high. Moreover,transvaginal the patients skin due to of how the body reacts
The last guideline is to ultrasounds can be the cold temperature of when there is increased
ensure operators have full quite the gel.Side effects from heat from the
knowledge of the discomforting,this can a local anaesthetics can ultrasounds due to the
machine such as knowing cause unnecessary be blurred vision and sudden change of
the thermal and movement within the dizziness. having decreased
cavitation hazards. patient which can mess circulation to having
up results. the body prepared to
face heat.
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