Summary
Summary Chabner The Language of Medicine Chapter 20 - Radiology & Nuclear Medicine - Outline Reviewer
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Chabner The Language of Medicine Chapter 20 - Radiology & Nuclear Medicine - Chapter Summary
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
TEST BANK - Davi-Ellen Chabner, The Language of Medicine 12th Edition Verified Chapters 1 - 22, Complete Newest Version
-
Test Bank for The Language of Medicine 12th Edition by Chabner All Chapters-latest-2023-2024|BEST STUDY
-
TEST BANK - Davi-Ellen Chabner, The Language of Medicine 12th Edition Verified Chapters 1 - 22, Complete Newest Version
Seller
Follow
invisiblenotes21
Available practice questions
Chabner: The Language of Medicine - Chapter 20 Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Flashcards
29 Flashcards
$2.99
0 sales
Flashcards
29 Flashcards
$2.99
0 sales
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Diagnostic x-ray procedure whereby a cross-sectional image of a specific body segment is produced
Answer: computed tomography (CT)
2.
Radiopaque materials (contrast media) are injected to obtain contrast between tissues that would be indistinguishable from one another
Answer: contrast studies
3.
Machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes
Answer: gamma camera
4.
High-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances used in tracer studies
Answer: gamma rays
5.
Time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration
Answer: half-life
6.
Therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist
Answer: interventional radiology
7.
Process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism, often in a test tube
Answer: in vitro
8.
Process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism
Answer: in vivo
9.
Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
Answer: Ionization
10.
Magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body
Answer: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Content preview
Radiology and MedicineChapter 20
Chabner: The Language of Medicine
St. Lawrence College
Course: BIOL 1050 - Biomedical Sciences for HIM Professionals
Outline Reviewer and Notes
Radiology
- is the medical specialty concerned with the study and application of x-rays and other technologies to produce and
interpret images of the human body for the diagnosis of a disease
X-rays
• invisible waves of energy that are produced by an energy source
• Useful in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
Nuclear Medicine
• Medical specialty that uses radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
o Radionuclides
• radioactive substances
• Materials that emit high-speed particles and energy-containing rays (radioactivity) from the interior of their matter
• Radioactivity - emitted particles and rays
▪ 3 Types of Radioactivity:
• Alpha Particles
• Beta Particles
• Gamma Rays - Used effectively as a diagnostic label to trace the path and uptake of chemical substances
in the body
Radiologist - Physician who specializes in the practice of diagnostic radiology
Nuclear Medicine Physician - specializes in diagnostic radionuclide scanning procedures
Radiologic Technologists - allied health care professionals who work with physicians in the fields of radiology and nuclear
medicine
• Types:
o Radiographers - aid physicians in administering diagnostic x-ray procedures
o Nuclear medicine technologists - attend to patients undergoing nuclear medicine procedures and operative devices
under the direction of a nuclear physician
o Sonographers - aid physicians in performing ultrasound procedures
Characteristics of X-Rays
1. Ability to cause exposure of a photographic plate
2. Ability to penetrate different substances to varying degrees
• Radiolucent - if a substance permits passage of most of the x-rays
• Radiopaque - substances (bones) that absorb most of the x-rays they are exposed to
3. Invisibility
• Film Badge - detect and record amount of radiation exposure
4. Travel in straight lines
5. Scattering of x-rays
6. Ionization
X-Ray Studies
Digital Radiography - form of x-ray imaging in which digital x-ray sensors are used instead of traditional photographic film
Mammography - uses low-dose x-rays to visualize breast tissue
Computed Tomography (CT)
• CAT Scan - because technique originally was computerized axial tomography
1
, Radiology and Medicine
Chapter 20
Chabner: The Language of Medicine
St. Lawrence College
Course: BIOL 1050 - Biomedical Sciences for HIM Professionals
Outline Reviewer and Notes
• Made by beaming x-rays at multiple angles through a section of the patient's body
• Create multiple cross-sectional images using a computer
• Highly sensitive in detecting diseases in bones and can provide images of internal organs
• Multidetector CT or MDCT scanners - state-of-the-art scanners that produce 64, 128, 256 and 320 images per rotations
Contrast Studies
• When x-rays pass through two adjacent body parts composed of substances of the same density, their shadows cannot be
distinguished from one another on the film or on the screen, thus, a contrast medium into the structure or fluid to be
visualized so that a specific part, organ tube, or liquid can be seen as negative imprint on the dense contrast agent
Contrast Materials:
• Barium Sulfate
o Radiopaque substance that is mixed in water and used for examination of upper and lower GI tract
• Upper GI series (UGI) - oral ingestion of barium sulfate (esophagus, stomach, duodenum)
• Small bowel follow-through (SBFT) series - traces the passage of barium in a sequential manner as it moves
through the small intestine
• Barium Enema (BE) study - lower GI series that opacifies the lumen of the large intestine using an enema containing
barium sulfate
• Double-contrast study - uses both a radiopaque and radiolucent contrast medium
• Iodine Compounds
o Radiopaque fluids containing up to 50% iodine
• Tests using iodine compound:
▪ Angiography - xray image (angiogram) of blood vessels and heart chambers is obtained after contrast is
injected through a catheter into the appropriate blood vessel or heart chamber
▪ Cholangiography - x-ray imaging after injection of contrast into bile ducts
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) - injecting contrast directly into the common
bile duct
• Intraoperative cholangiography - injecting contrast after surgery of the gallbladder or biliary duct
• Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography - alternate route for injection of contrast via needle through
the skin and into the liver
▪ Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) - x-ray image of contrast-injected blood vessels by taking two x-ray
pictures (the first without contrast) and using a computer to subtract obscuring shadows from the second
image
▪ Hysterosalphingography - x-ray record of the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes is obtained after injection
of contrast material through the vagina and into the endocervical canal
▪ Myelography - x-ray imaging of the spinal cord after injection of contrast agent into the subarachnoid space
surrounding the spinal cord
• Done when patients cannot undergo MRI
• CT Myelography - after injection, x-ray films and a CT scan are obtained
▪ Pyelography - x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and urinary tract
• Retrograde pyelography - catheter is placed through the urethra, bladder and ureter and into the renal
pelvis to inject contrast
• Urography - describes the process of recording x-ray images of the urinary tract after the introduction of
contrast
Digital Imaging Techniques - used to enhance conventional and fluoroscopic x-ray images
Interventional Radiology
• Invasive procedures (therapeutic or diagnostic) usually under CT or ultrasound guidance or with fluoroscopic imaging
2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller invisiblenotes21. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53022 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now