Class notes
ALL lectures for Experimental Research
- Course
- Institution
ALL lectures for the course Experimental Research, including an elaboration of a couple of exam questions
[Show more]
3 reviews
By: ctinavdh • 7 months ago
By: pimjanssen28 • 1 year ago
By: yagogaraboa • 1 year ago
By: ElineRijnsburger • 1 year ago
Thank you!!
Seller
Follow
ElineRijnsburger
Reviews received
Content preview
LECTURES EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023Taught by: Femke van Horen
Table of content
Lecture 1 – Why experimental research? ................................................................................... 2
Lecture 2 – Experimental Research ............................................................................................ 4
Lecture 3 – Confounds Anova ..................................................................................................... 9
Lecture 4 – One-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA ............................................................. 18
Lecture 5 – 3-way ANOVA, ANCOVA ..................................................................................... 26
Lecture 6 – Repeated measures mixed design .......................................................................... 32
Lecture 7 – Mediation ................................................................................................................. 40
Lecture 8 – Moderation with continuous variables – Spotlight Analysis .............................. 47
Lecture 9 – Power and effect size .............................................................................................. 58
Lecture 10 – Exam prep ............................................................................................................. 65
1
,Lecture 1 – Why experimental research?
Experimental research
Experimenting: describe, predict, and explain behavior of market-parties, employees, buyers.
→ break up phenomena in variables and relations between those variables.
A vs. B (treatment) testing
Conversion optimalisation
- A structured and systematic approach to improve the performance of a website
- Informed by data insights & psychology
- Taking the traffic there and making the most of it
Correlation & prediction
Behavioral research
1) Descriptive research
a. Thoughts, feelings, ideas, behaviors.
2) Correlational research
a. Identifying relationships between different observed variables: measuring
thoughts, feelings, behavior.
“Smoking mothers have more often problem children”.
b. Measures the association between 2 variables.
Correlation of -1 (negative association) to +1 (positive association).
2
, c. R = .80 → the more the mother smokes, the more often they have problem children.
R = -.80 → the more the mother smokes, the less often they have problem children.
d. Weaknesses:
Correlation ≠ causation.
Direction of the relationship?
There is a third explaining variable → spurious correlation.
3) Experimental
a. Testing causality, A → B?
“Impact of loyalty programs on sales?”
b. Only type of research that (potentially) can demonstrate that a change in one
variable causes a predictable change in another variable.
c. Most difficult: making sure that a change in Y was not caused by something else
than X.
Experimental research settings
- Field experimentation
o Real life setting
o Mundane reality: natural behavior, setting, treatment.
o Less control
- Laboratory experimentation
o More control
o Better able to manipulate variables
o No natural setting
Experimentation & causation
- Needs to be correlation between 2 variables
- Asymmetrical direction
- A (cause) → B (effect)
- Change in A is accompanied by a change in B
- No alternative explanation for the change in B than the change in A (other possible causes
are controlled for)
3
, Experimental research essence
Test specific hypotheses about relationship between cause and effect via controlled (laboratory)
conditions.
- The effect of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV).
- Manipulating the independent variable.
- Measure effects on dependent variable.
- Control other influences (high internal but low external validity).
Importance of randomization
- Use all sorts of people with all sorts of characteristics.
- Potential confounds are under control.
- So: change in Y can be attributed to X.
Problem identification
Sources of research ideas:
- Real life experiences
- Previous research and theory
o Conflicting findings
o Boundary conditions (moderator)
o Find explanation for observed effects (mediator)
o Applying a theory to a consumer setting
Lecture 2 – Experimental Research
Full empirical cycle
Identify interesting and relevant research question – Pinpoint conceptual variables – Identify the
proper relations between them that fit your theorizing (= hypotheses) – Develop a research design
– Develop manipulations and measures for the IV’s, DV’s, mediators and moderators – Collect
data – Analyze and interpret the results – Write up study to submit
Experimental research: main steps
1) Theoretical framework
a. Problem identification
b. Hypothesis formulation
2) Experimental design
a. Manipulation of IVs
b. Measurement of DV
c. Control for confounds
3) Data analyses
a. Get familiar with your data
b. Checks
c. Conduct main analyses
d. Conduct follow up analyses
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ElineRijnsburger. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.06. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now