UNIT 2- BIOLOGY EXPLORING LIFE & THE CHEMICAL BASIS OF LIFE ASSESSMENT TEST
Test Bank for Concepts of Biology 2nd Edition
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*UPDATED* For 2022-23 Boards Exam
SHOBHIT NIRWAN's
DESIGNED
METALS AND
NON-METALS
NOTES
, A. METALS
Those elements which form ions by losing electrons are called metals.
Physical Properties of Metqls
Metals are malleable that is metal beaten into thin sheets
Malleability: The property which allows the metal to be hammered into thin sheets.It is
important characteristic of metal.
Eg: Gold and silver metals are best malleable metals.
Eg: Aluminium and Copper metal are also highly malleable metals.
Aluminium Foils are used for decorating sweets and for packing food items like
biscuit, namkeens etc.
Metals are good conductor of Heat
Metal allows heat to pass through them easily.
Silver metal is the best conductor of heat.It has highest conductivity.
Copper and aluminium metal are also very good conductors of heat.
The cooking utensil and water boilers are usually made of copper or aluminium
because they are good conductors of heat.
Poorest conductor of heat- Lead and Mercury
Metals are good conductor of Electricity
Metal allows electricity to pass through them easily.
Silver metal is the best conductor of electricity.
Metals have high meting and boiling point
Iron metal has high melting point of 1535°C, this means that solid iron melts and
turns into liquid on heating to a high temp.
Copper metal has high melting point of 1083°C.
Exceptions:
Sodium and potassium metal has Low melting point of 98°C and 64°C.
Gallium and cesium metal also has low melting point 30°C and 28°C.
Metals are solid at room temperature
Metals like iron, copper , silver, gold etc are solids at room temperature.
Only one metal, i.e. Mercury is in liquid state at room temperature.
, Metals are Sonorous
Sonorous means capable of producing a deep or ringing sound.
Metals make sound when hit an object.
The property of metals of being sonorous is called sonority.
It is due to the property of sonorousness that metals are used for making bells
and strings of musical instrument like sitar and violin.
Metals are Strong
Metal can hold large weight without snapping (without breaking) .
Iron Metal used in construction of bridges buildings and railway line.
Exception- sodium and potassium metal are not strong enough.
Metals are Ductile
Ductility- The property which allows the metal to be drawn into thin wire
Gold is the most ductile metal and silver are among the best ductile metal.
Copper and aluminium metals are very ductile and drawn into thin copper and
Aluminium wires.
Magnesium metals are used in experiment in the laboratory and Tungsten metal
are used for making the Filament of electric bulb.
Chemical Properties of Metqls
Reaction of Metals with Oxygen
( metal + oxygen →
metal oxide)
4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
sodium oxygen sodium oxide
4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2Al2O3(s)
(Aluminium oxide)
2 Cu (s) + O2 (g)→ 2 CuO (s)
( copper oxide)
Zn(s) + 2HCl --> ZnO
Zinc Oxide
3Fe(s) + 2O2(g) --> Fe3O4(s)
Iron(II, III) oxide
L.P. : Why Potassium and sodium metal are stored under Kerosene oil?
• The potassium and sodium metal are so reactive that they react vigorously with
Oxygen (of air).
• They catch fire and start burning when kept in air.
So, it is kept in Kerosene to prevent their reaction with the O2 moisture and CO2 of air.
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