Summary Unit 3.3.1 - Introduction to organic chemistry
11 views 0 purchase
Course
Unit 3.3.1 - Introduction to organic chemistry
Institution
AQA
This summary goes into great detail on the AQA A level chemistry topic, introduction into organic chemistry. Topics summarised:
- organic compounds and ways of representing them
- nomenclature
- isomerism
- E/Z isomers
intro into organics
Ways of representing Organic Compounds
Type
of What it shows you Formula (for butan-1-ol)
formula
General The ratio of carbon to hydrogen atoms and also any
C(n)H(2n+1) OH
formula functional groups.
Empirical The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a
C(4)H(10)O
formula compound (cancel the numbers down if possible)
Molecular The actual number of atoms of each element in a
C(4)H(9)OH
formula molecule, with any functional groups indicated.
Structural Shows the atom carbon by carbon, with the hydrogens
CH(3)CH(2)CH(2)CH(2)OH
formula and functional groups attached.
H-C-C-C-C-OH Each of the
Displayed Shows how all the atoms are arranged, and all the
Cs have two Hs attached
formula bonds between them.
to it at the bottom and top.
Shows the bonds of the carbon skeleton only, with any
Each point shows one
Skeletal functional groups. The hydrogen and carbon atoms
carbon. Double bond you
formula aren't shown. This is handy for drawing large
draw double lines.
complicated structures, like cyclic hydrocarbons.
Untitled
Nomenclature: (naming organic compounds)
Count the carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain — this gives you the
stem:
intro into organics 1
, The main functional group of the molecule usually gives you the end of the name
(the suffix).
Number the longest carbon chain so that the main functional group has the lowest
possible number. If there's more than one longest chain, pick the one with the most
side-chains.
Any side-chains or less important functional groups are added as prefixes at the
start of the name. Put them in alphabetical order, with the number of the carbon
atom each is attached to.
If there's more than one identical side-chain or functional group, use di- (2), tri- (3)
or tetra (4) before that part of the name- but ignore this when working out the
alphabetical order.
intro into organics 2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller shyamalibuddhdev. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.63. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
