WGU-C182 - Intro to IT- part 1, Top Exam Questions sections and answers, Graded A+.

WGU-C182 - Intro to IT- part 1, Top Exam Questions sections and answers, Graded A+. Information Technology - -The technology used in creating, maintaining, and making information accessible, which includes the software, data, and computer networks. Gathering data and processing it into information. System Administrator - -Maintains all aspects of the system including hardware, software, and programming. Create accounts; train users; secure system; troubleshoot system; add hardware. Database Administrator - -Focuses on the design, development, management and support of database management systems (DBMSs). Duties include software installation, security of data, creation of accounts to access the database, and configuring the database to be accessible over network. Network Administrator - -Is the person responsible for installation, configuration, maintenance, securing, and troubleshooting of the computer network. Work with routers and switches; physical and software troubleshooting; ensuring all computers can fully utilize the network. Security Administrator - -Installs, configures, and administers firewall security to protect systems and proactively work to stop intrusions. Web Administrator - -The person in charge of administering, configuring, installing, monitoring, and troubleshooting the hardware and software of a web server. Installs, configures, maintains, secures, and troubleshoots web servers. Help Desk - -Provides support to individuals responding to each person's specific issue. May take place over the phone or via e-mail. DIKW - -Defines the transition of data to information to knowledge to wisdom. (Data Information Knowledge Wisdom) Data of DIKW - -The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not usable until it has been converted into a relevant form. Can be obtained from a: camera card, bar code reader, pen tablet, or values entered by the user. Raw form. Information of DIKW - -Once data is processed/analyzed in some way, it becomes useful information. Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been applied to the data to transform it into a more useful form. Information System - -It is a method for organizing data and can be represented by a card catalog or filing cabinet. System does not need to involve technology. Information Technology - -The use of computer's hardware and software. It's encompassed under information system. Quality of Data - -Relevance, Timely, Thorough, Accurate, Reliable Thorough - -One of the characteristics of quality data is thoroughness. By failing to gather all the necessary data, you can not access the information you need. Quality data is thorough, which means that the data must be complete. Data that is not thorough might contain errors or lapses of data. Timley - -One of the characteristics of quality data is timeliness. When there is a delay in data, it may no longer be of use or properly serve its purpose. Data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner so that companies can utilize it in their business. Relevance - -Quality data is relevant. This means that the data being used must apply directly to the decision being made. Answers specific questions and fulfills its intended use. Accurate - -Data should be sufficiently accurate for its intended purposes. Where possible, data should be captured once only, although it may have multiple uses. Accuracy is most likely to be secured if data is captured as close to the point of activity as possible. Reliable - -Data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collection points and over time, whether using manual or computer-based systems, or a combination. Has been collected and inputted in a consistent manner for a length of time. IPOS - -Input, Processing, Output, Storage IPOS cycle - -Once words, numbers or images are entered, a computer processes the data into usable information that can then be accessed to answer questions or meet specific needs. Input - -Raw data is entered by the user. The process of taking data (e.g., words, numbers, images, sounds) from outside the computer and bringing it into the computer. Types of Input are Keyboard, Mouse, Stylus, Webcam, Monitor(touch screen) and Scanner. Processing - -Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness. Converting the data into information (a meaningful form) Output - -Information output so user can see the results. Delivering processed data (i.e., information) to the outside world via a monitor, printed pages, headphones projector or speakers, for example. Storage - -Processed information is stored for permanent record. Saving information for later use. Types of Storage are External Hard Drive, Flash Drive and CD. Computer System Definition - -A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of the user. These components are typically categorized as either hardware or software. In addition, networks and users are often considered to be part of a computer system. Elements of a Computer System - -CPU, users, keyboard, memory, Monitor, Print Drivers, operating system, and mouse Hardware - -The physical components of the computer. Physical components, like Monitor, Printer, Internal Fan, CPU, keyboard and Disk Drives. Software - -The programs and other operating information used by the computer to communicate with users as well as other computers. Must be part of the computer system in order for the system to be useful. Software in the computer system my be shared if the system is part of a network. Programmed Instructions. Network - -A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so they can communicate with each other. System that connects Users. Users - -The people who use the computer system. People using the computer. Local Computers - -Is the computer that the user is using. That is, the user is physically present with that computer. Remote Computers - -A computer being accessed over the network Coaxial and twisted pair - -Electrical current is used to transmit signals through coaxial cables. Fiber optic cable - -Uses light pulses to transmit information. Radio and cell towers - -Use a transmission type that doesn't need wiring or cable. Is best used for long distances because it can bounce of satellites. Network Hub - -Is a device that connects multiple computers together. A message received by the hub is forwarded to all ports on the hub Hub broadcasts - -The transmission, as it sends the data to every device in the network. Network Switch - -Is a more functional connection than a hub. For one, it records and recognizes the local network addresses [Media Access Control (MAC) addresses or IP addresses] of all computers connected to the switch. Router - -Is a device that connects multiple networks together Packet-Switched - -Network is more practical for today's modern networks such as the Internet because messages can be routed based on availability and network traffic. Networks - -Either Peer-to-peer or client-server. Client - -Is a computer that will request information from another computer Server - -Is a computer that takes requests and responds with the requested information. More expensive computers as they typically require greater hard disk storage and faster response time than the other computers in the network. Client-Server - -Is a network that contains one or more servers Peer-to-Peer - -Networks are cheaper Protocol - -Set of rules established to govern how people behave and interact with each other Network Protocol - -Provides the rules by which networks, using the same computer language to communicate with each other. TCP/IP - -Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol ), which is a requirement of all computers that communicate over the Internet. Is really a collection of protocols and is sometimes referred to as a protocol stack.) IT - -Is a system that is composed of hardware, software and people all working towards a common goal Main components of a Computer - -Central processing unit (CPU), memory and storage, and peripheral devices (including some form of network connection). CPU - -Executes programs' instructions in controlling and commands all of the component in a computer. It is often referred to as the "chip." I/O Subsystem - -Contains peripheral devices used for input(keyboard), output(printer), and long-term storage(external devices). Memory - -Stores programs being executed and data that the programs use so that processing of data can take place BUS - -Permits information to move between each component and between each computer.