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Sumario Farmacologia del sistema nervioso central

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Farmacologia del sistema nervioso Central FÁRMACOS USADOS EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE PARKINSON Aumentan funcion dopamina Agonistas de receptores dopaminergicos Disminuyen Funcion Acetilcolina FARMACOS ALZHEIMERS Inhibidores Acetilcolinesterasa ANTIPSICOTICOS 1ra Generacion - Tipicos 2da Generaci...

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  • March 27, 2023
  • 7
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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J-INCOG




FARMACOLOGÍA

, J-INCOG

FARMACOLOGÍA SNC II


FARMACOS: PARKINSONS
c
- Patología: Degeneración de la dopamina en el tracto nigroestriatal: ↓ Dopamina ,↑ACh
- Signos de Parkinson: Bradicinesia, rigidez muscular, tremor en el descanso

Principales vías dopaminérgicas:
- Nigroestriatal: Sistema Motor Extrapiramidal.
- Mesolímbica: Humor y recompensa → síntomas positivos.
- Mesocortical: Se piensa que causa síntomas negativos.
- Tuberoinfundibular: Disminuye la prolactina → Histología: Células de la adenohipófisis y su
producto hormonal.


AUMENTAN FUNCION DOPAMINA

Prodroga, metabolizada a dopamina por el aminoácido aromático descarboxilasa.
Levodopa Se administra con Carbidopa. Efectos adversos: diskinesia, efecto ‘on-off’, psicosis,
arritmias, hipotensión y vómito.

Carbidopa Inhibe la dopa descarboxilasa

Entacapona Inhibidor periférico de COMT. Incrementan la recaptación y eficacia de levodopa.

Inhibidor periférico y central de COMT. Hepatotóxico. Incrementan la recaptación y eficacia
Tolcapona
de levodopa.

Selegilina y Inhibidores selectivo de la MAO-B. Se usa para tratamiento inicial junto a levodopa.
Rasagilina Efectos adversos: diskinesia, psicosis, insmonio; es metabolizado a anfetamina.

AGONISTAS DE RECEPTORES DOPAMINÉRGICOS

Ergot. Utilizado en hiperprolactinemia y acromegalia. Menos fenómeno ‘on-off’ Efectos
Bromocriptina
adversos: dskinesia y psicosis.

Pramixepol y
No-ergot. activa D2a y desactivar la neurona de GABA
Ropinirol

DISMINUYEN FUNCIÓN ACETILCOLINA

Benztropina y Antagonistas muscarínicos. Disminuyen temblores y rigidez, pero tienen poco efecto en la
Trihexifenidilo bradiquinesia. Efectos adversos: síntomas similares a atropina.

Antiviral que bloquea los receptores muscarínicos y ↑ liberación de dopamina. Efectos
Amantadina
adversos: similares a los de la atropina y livedo reticularis.

Apomorfina - Pramixepol - Rotigotina - Safinamida



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