B A C T E R I A S G R A M - N E G A T I V A S
NISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
NISSERIA GONORRHOEAE
ENTEROBACTER, SERRATIA & KLEBSIELLA
SALMONELA
SHIGELLA
E. COLI
YERSINIA
CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI
VIBRIO CHOLERAE
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
PSEUDOMONAS
PROTEUS MIRABILIS
BORDETELLA PETRUSSIS
HAEMOPHILUS ...
Cultivo/ Oxidasa positiva. No pueden crecer en agar sangre. Crecen en agar chocolaty y en agar VPN
Prueba (Thayer-Martin)
Coloniza principalmente la nasofaringe. Transmitido por secreciones respiratorias.
- Pacientes con falcemia son mas susceptibles a la enfermedad.
Patología - Proteinas Lipooligosacaridos median la respuesta inflamatoria
- Síntomas: Rash petequial, Trombocitopenia, Fuga capilar que lleva a hipovolemia y shock
- Waterhouse-Friderichsean Syndrome (hemorragia de glandulas adrenales)
Factor de
Capsula de polisacaridos inhibe fagocitosis
Virulencia
Vacunas A, C, D = Tienen capsula de polisacaridos.
Vacuna B = No tiene capsula de polisacaridos
Tratamiento
Cefalosporina de 3era generación (Ceftriaxona)
Profilaxis para familiares cercanos: Rifampicina
NISSERIA GONORRHOEAE
Morfología Diplococo, no encapsulada.
Cultivo/ Oxidasa positiva, No pueden crecer en agar sangre, crecen en agar chocolate y agar VPN
Prueba (Thayer-Martin)
- Hombres: proteatasis y orquitis, descarga blanca purulenta
- Mujeres: Enfermedad inflamatoria pelvica, descarga blanca purulenta, infeccion de
peritoneo (Fitz Hugh-Curtis Syndrome).
Patología
- Neonatos: Conjuntivitis purulenta.
Co-inflamacion con clamidia,.
Gonorrea puede causar poliartritis y por lo general afecta la rodilla de forma asimetrica.
Factor de
Invaden celulas polimorfonucleares. Capsula de polisacaridos inhibe fagocitosis
Virulencia
Tratamiento Ceftriaxone
ENTEROBACTER, SERRATIA & KLEBSIELLA
Inmovil. Resistente a muchos farmacos
Morfología
Klebsiella tiene una capsula de polisacaridos.
Todas fermentan lactosa = Rosado en agar Maconqui
Cultivo/ Enterobacter = Tiene motilidad
Prueba Serratia fermenta muy lento.Tiene motilidad.Produce un pigmento rojo.
Klebsiella es ureasa positiva
J-INCOG
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