AANP Certification Exam Questions and Answers 2023
(Verified Answers)
diverticulum can be an infection of
both gram - and + bacteria
Which diuretic should be used for osteoporosis?
Thiazide diuretics:
slows the kidneys excretion of calcium and increases reabsorption
Lachman maneuver
knee instability
tear of ACL
Infections of labia and vagina
bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis
Chlamydia affects
cervix, endometrial lining, fallopian tubes, pelvic cavity
Acute abdomen symptoms
involuntary guarding, rebound tenderness, board-like abdomen, +obturator and psoas
sign
Care of preecplampsia
bed rest, weight and blood pressure monitoring
Preeclampsia labs
urine protein, serum protein, creatinine, platelet count
Preeclampsia symptoms
hypertension, proteinuria, edema (weight gain)
Preeclampsia complications
placental abruption, coagulopathy (DIC), renal failure, uteroplacental insufficiency, liver
failure, hypertensive encephalopathy, retinal detachment, pulmonary edema, seizure,
death
community acquired pneumonia
Most common bacteria
least common bacteria
Population
treatment
mycolpasma pneumoniae (atypical)
h. influenza, strep pneumoniae
atypical: psuedomonas aeruginosa
college student, school children, military
macrolides: azithromycin, clarithromycin
Mantoux test
Positive: 5mm
Positive for recent immigrants: 10mm
Murphy's sign
biliary disorders
deep inspiration by patient and deep palpation RUQ below costovertebral angle
placenta previa
,implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the
uterus
painless bright red blood in the second or third trimester
Order abdominal US
Hashimoto's is most common in which population
middle age to older women
Hypertension Retinopathy
AV nicking and copper or silver wire arterioles
flame-shaped hemorrhages
threatened abortion
vaginal bleeding and cramping, soft uterus, cervix closed
bacterial vaginosis
fishy odor, milky white or dull gray discharge
pH > 4.5
> 20% clue cells
KOH whiff test
squamous cells dotted with lots of bacteria that obscure borders
clue cells
Lichen sclerosis
skin disease, white spots appear over time, most common genital and rectal
most common in older woman
itching, discomfort, bleeding
order biopsy
AV valves
mitral and tricuspid
semilunar valves
pulmonary and aortic
S1
systole
closure of AV valves
mitral regurgitation
aortic stenosis
S2
diastole
closure of semilunar valves
mitral stenosis
aortic regurgitation
S3
normal variant in children, healthy young adults, and athletes
heart failure
early diastole
S4
left ventricle hypertrophy
late diastole
Tanner Stages Males: II
,no changes to penis, testes enlarge
Pubic hair is sparse and straight
Tanner Stages Males: III
penis lengthens
hair darker and starts to curl
Tanner Stages Males: IV
penis increases in length and width
hair coarse, not yet on medial thigh
Tanner Stages Females: II
breast buds
pubic hair sparse and straight
Tanner Stages Females: III
breast tissue and areola in one mound
hair darker, starts to curl
Tanner Stages Females: IV
areola separates and forms a secondary mound
hair coarse, not on medial thigh yet
TORCH infections
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes
osteoarthritis vs rheomatoid arthritis
OA: stiffness, heberden's nodes, increase age, overuse, family history
RA: relies more on labs, increased ESR, Bouchard's nodes, fatigue, fever, body aches
drawer test
instability of the knee
mediolateral and anteroposterior plane
torn or ruptured ligament
fundal height 12 weeks
just above pubic bone
fundal height 20 weeks
level of umbilicus
fundal height 20-35 weeks
number of weeks gestation +/- 2 cm
apraxia
loss of ability to perform purposeful movements in the absence of sensory or motor
damage
ectopic pregnancy
amenorrhea, new onset of vaginal spotting, left adnexal tenderness, and cervical motion
tenderness
G6PD anemia
hereditary, RBC break down, hemolysis
Meds that can trigger: antimalarial drugs, aspirin, nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, quinidine,
quinine, sulfa
, Pheochromocytoma
a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to produce excess
epinephrine and norepinephrine
these hormones control heart rate, metabolism, and blood pressure
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis
Perihepatic inflammation & fibrosis;
Complication of Chlamydia and pelvic inflammatory disease
Sharp pain in RUQ
subconjunctival hemorrhage
risk factors
Bright red patches in conjunctiva of eyes due to ruptured blood vessels
Risk factors: DM, HTN, coughing, sneezing, blood thinners, aspirin, ginkgo
Benign, will spontaneously resolve
atopic dermatitis
Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants.
linear
Koplik spots
Rubeola (measles)
small white papules inside the cheeks by rear molars
treponema pallidum
symptoms
syphilis
painless chancre, maculopapular rash on palms and soles, lymphadenopathy,
condyloma acata
hCG is produced by
placenta after implantation
majority of AFP is produced by
fetal liver
Inevitable abortion
bleeding and cramping/pain with cervical dilation but no passage of tissue
incomplete abortion
moderate to diffuse vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue, painful uterine cramping or
contractions
MMR and pregnancy
contraindicated
wait 4 weeks before becoming pregnant
Positive signs of pregnancy
ultrasound, auscultation of fetal HR with doppler
Probable signs of pregnancy
detected by examiner
blood and urine tests, Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Hegar's sign, enlarged uterus
Presumptive signs of pregnancy
felt by woman
amenorrhea, nausea, breast tenderness, deepening pigmentation, urinary frequency,
quickening, fatigue
testing HPV
(Verified Answers)
diverticulum can be an infection of
both gram - and + bacteria
Which diuretic should be used for osteoporosis?
Thiazide diuretics:
slows the kidneys excretion of calcium and increases reabsorption
Lachman maneuver
knee instability
tear of ACL
Infections of labia and vagina
bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis
Chlamydia affects
cervix, endometrial lining, fallopian tubes, pelvic cavity
Acute abdomen symptoms
involuntary guarding, rebound tenderness, board-like abdomen, +obturator and psoas
sign
Care of preecplampsia
bed rest, weight and blood pressure monitoring
Preeclampsia labs
urine protein, serum protein, creatinine, platelet count
Preeclampsia symptoms
hypertension, proteinuria, edema (weight gain)
Preeclampsia complications
placental abruption, coagulopathy (DIC), renal failure, uteroplacental insufficiency, liver
failure, hypertensive encephalopathy, retinal detachment, pulmonary edema, seizure,
death
community acquired pneumonia
Most common bacteria
least common bacteria
Population
treatment
mycolpasma pneumoniae (atypical)
h. influenza, strep pneumoniae
atypical: psuedomonas aeruginosa
college student, school children, military
macrolides: azithromycin, clarithromycin
Mantoux test
Positive: 5mm
Positive for recent immigrants: 10mm
Murphy's sign
biliary disorders
deep inspiration by patient and deep palpation RUQ below costovertebral angle
placenta previa
,implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the
uterus
painless bright red blood in the second or third trimester
Order abdominal US
Hashimoto's is most common in which population
middle age to older women
Hypertension Retinopathy
AV nicking and copper or silver wire arterioles
flame-shaped hemorrhages
threatened abortion
vaginal bleeding and cramping, soft uterus, cervix closed
bacterial vaginosis
fishy odor, milky white or dull gray discharge
pH > 4.5
> 20% clue cells
KOH whiff test
squamous cells dotted with lots of bacteria that obscure borders
clue cells
Lichen sclerosis
skin disease, white spots appear over time, most common genital and rectal
most common in older woman
itching, discomfort, bleeding
order biopsy
AV valves
mitral and tricuspid
semilunar valves
pulmonary and aortic
S1
systole
closure of AV valves
mitral regurgitation
aortic stenosis
S2
diastole
closure of semilunar valves
mitral stenosis
aortic regurgitation
S3
normal variant in children, healthy young adults, and athletes
heart failure
early diastole
S4
left ventricle hypertrophy
late diastole
Tanner Stages Males: II
,no changes to penis, testes enlarge
Pubic hair is sparse and straight
Tanner Stages Males: III
penis lengthens
hair darker and starts to curl
Tanner Stages Males: IV
penis increases in length and width
hair coarse, not yet on medial thigh
Tanner Stages Females: II
breast buds
pubic hair sparse and straight
Tanner Stages Females: III
breast tissue and areola in one mound
hair darker, starts to curl
Tanner Stages Females: IV
areola separates and forms a secondary mound
hair coarse, not on medial thigh yet
TORCH infections
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes
osteoarthritis vs rheomatoid arthritis
OA: stiffness, heberden's nodes, increase age, overuse, family history
RA: relies more on labs, increased ESR, Bouchard's nodes, fatigue, fever, body aches
drawer test
instability of the knee
mediolateral and anteroposterior plane
torn or ruptured ligament
fundal height 12 weeks
just above pubic bone
fundal height 20 weeks
level of umbilicus
fundal height 20-35 weeks
number of weeks gestation +/- 2 cm
apraxia
loss of ability to perform purposeful movements in the absence of sensory or motor
damage
ectopic pregnancy
amenorrhea, new onset of vaginal spotting, left adnexal tenderness, and cervical motion
tenderness
G6PD anemia
hereditary, RBC break down, hemolysis
Meds that can trigger: antimalarial drugs, aspirin, nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, quinidine,
quinine, sulfa
, Pheochromocytoma
a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to produce excess
epinephrine and norepinephrine
these hormones control heart rate, metabolism, and blood pressure
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis
Perihepatic inflammation & fibrosis;
Complication of Chlamydia and pelvic inflammatory disease
Sharp pain in RUQ
subconjunctival hemorrhage
risk factors
Bright red patches in conjunctiva of eyes due to ruptured blood vessels
Risk factors: DM, HTN, coughing, sneezing, blood thinners, aspirin, ginkgo
Benign, will spontaneously resolve
atopic dermatitis
Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants.
linear
Koplik spots
Rubeola (measles)
small white papules inside the cheeks by rear molars
treponema pallidum
symptoms
syphilis
painless chancre, maculopapular rash on palms and soles, lymphadenopathy,
condyloma acata
hCG is produced by
placenta after implantation
majority of AFP is produced by
fetal liver
Inevitable abortion
bleeding and cramping/pain with cervical dilation but no passage of tissue
incomplete abortion
moderate to diffuse vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue, painful uterine cramping or
contractions
MMR and pregnancy
contraindicated
wait 4 weeks before becoming pregnant
Positive signs of pregnancy
ultrasound, auscultation of fetal HR with doppler
Probable signs of pregnancy
detected by examiner
blood and urine tests, Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Hegar's sign, enlarged uterus
Presumptive signs of pregnancy
felt by woman
amenorrhea, nausea, breast tenderness, deepening pigmentation, urinary frequency,
quickening, fatigue
testing HPV
