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The Cardiovascular Drugs Questions and Answers Antianginal Drugs Angina Pectoris (chest pain) When the supply of oxygen and nutrients in the blood is insufficient to meet the demands of the heart, the heart muscle “aches.” The heart requires a large supply of oxygen to meet the demands pl...

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  • April 2, 2023
  • 75
  • 2022/2023
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • the cardiovascular drugs questions and answers

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  • The Cardiovascular Drugs
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The Cardiovascular Drugs Questions and Answers
Antianginal Drugs
Angina Pectoris (chest pain)
When the supply of oxygen and nutrients in the blood is insufficient
to meet the demands of the heart, the heart muscle “aches.”
The heart requires a large supply of oxygen to meet the demands
placed on it.

Ischemia
Ischemia
Poor blood supply to an
organ Ischemic heart disease
Poor blood supply to the heart muscle
Atherosclerosis
Coronary artery
disease
Myocardial infarction
Necrosis, or death, of cardiac
tissue Disabling or fatal

Type of angina
Chronic stable angina (also called classic or effort
angina) Unstable angina (also called preinfarction
angina) Vasospastic angina (also called Prinzmetal or
variant angina)

Goal of medical management
• Minimize the frequency, decrease the durations and intensity
of angina attacks
• Improve functional capacity with few adverse effects
• Prevent or delay MI

A person who is mowing the lawn on a hot Saturday afternoon begins to
notice chest pain. What should this person’s first action be?
A. Take a nitroglycerin tablet.
B. Stop mowing and sit or lie down.
C. Go inside the house to cool off and get a drink of water.
D. Call 911.

Correct answer: B
Rationale: At the first sign of chest pain, the person should stop all activity

,and sit or lie down before taking the nitroglycerin tablet.



Drugs for Angina

, Nitrates and
nitrites ß-
Blockers
Calcium channel blockers

Nitrates and Nitrites
Available forms
Sublingual*
Chewable tablets
Oral
capsules/tablets
Intravenous
solutions*
Transdermal
patches* Ointments
Translingual sprays*
*Bypass the liver and the first-pass effect

Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects
Cause vasodilation because of relaxation of smooth
muscles Potent dilating effect on coronary
arteries
Result: oxygen to ischemic myocardial
tissue Used for prevention and
treatment of angina

Rapid-acting forms
Used to treat acute anginal attacks
Sublingual tablets or spray; IV
infusion
Long-acting forms
Used to prevent anginal episodes

nitroglycerin (both rapid and long acting)
isosorbide dinitrate (both rapid and long
acting) isosorbide mononitrate (primarily long
acting)


A patient with extremely high blood pressure (BP) is in the emergency
department. The health care provider will order therapy with nitroglycerin

, to manage the patient’s blood pressure. Which form of nitroglycerin is
most appropriate?
A. Sublingual spray
B. Transdermal patch
C. Oral capsule
D. Intravenous infusion

Correct answer: D
Rationale: The IV infusion of nitroglycerin will have the fastest effect, and
the dose will be titrated to the patient’s response.
Nitrates

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