Class 12th - THERMODYNAMIC - NOTS for NEET CET JEE
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NEET
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NEET
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thermodynamics laws of thermodynamics heat transfer thermodynamic systems entropy enthalpy carnot cycle ideal gas work energy specific heat capacity temperature rankine cycle brayton cycle adiabatic p
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Thermodynamics
Here are some notes on Thermodynamics:
Introduction:
• Thermodynamics is the branch of science that deals with the study of energy
transformations and their relationships with matter.
• It has three main laws that govern energy transfer, heat transfer, and thermodynamic
equilibrium.
First Law of Thermodynamics:
• It is also known as the law of conservation of energy.
• The first law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be
transferred or converted from one form to another.
• It is expressed as ΔU = Q - W, where ΔU is the change in internal energy of the
system, Q is the heat transferred to the system, and W is the work done by the system.
Second Law of Thermodynamics:
• The second law states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases with
time.
• It is expressed as ΔS ≥ Q/T, where ΔS is the change in entropy, Q is the heat
transferred, and T is the temperature of the system.
Third Law of Thermodynamics:
• The third law states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero temperature is
zero.
• It is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature in practice, but the third law
provides a reference point for measuring the entropy of a system.
Thermodynamic Processes:
• Thermodynamic processes involve changes in pressure, volume, temperature, and
energy.
• There are four types of thermodynamic processes: isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and
adiabatic.
• Each process is characterized by a different combination of changes in pressure,
volume, temperature, and energy.
Thermodynamic Cycles:
• A thermodynamic cycle is a series of thermodynamic processes that returns the system
to its original state.
, • The most common thermodynamic cycles are the Carnot cycle, Rankine cycle, and
Brayton cycle.
Applications of Thermodynamics:
• Thermodynamics has numerous applications in engineering, chemistry, physics, and
other fields.
• It is used in designing engines, power plants, refrigeration systems, and other devices
that involve energy transfer and conversion.
These are some basic notes on Thermodynamics. Keep in mind that this is a vast subject, and
there is much more to learn and explore.
Thermodynamics for neet
Thermodynamics is an important topic in the NEET syllabus, as it is included in the Physics
section. Here are some key concepts that you should focus on while preparing for NEET:
1. Laws of Thermodynamics: NEET exams usually cover the first and second laws of
thermodynamics. These laws govern the behavior of energy and heat in a system.
Focus on understanding the statements and applications of these laws.
2. Internal Energy and Work: The NEET exam usually tests students' understanding of
the relationship between internal energy and work done by a system. Practice solving
problems related to the first law of thermodynamics, which relates to these concepts.
3. Heat Engines and Heat Pumps: NEET exams may ask questions related to the
efficiency of heat engines and heat pumps. Make sure you understand the Carnot
cycle, which is a theoretical model of the most efficient heat engine possible.
4. Entropy: NEET exams may test your understanding of entropy, which is a measure of
the degree of disorder in a system. Focus on understanding how entropy changes in
different types of thermodynamic processes.
5. Thermodynamic Equilibrium: NEET exams may ask questions related to
thermodynamic equilibrium, which is a state where there is no net flow of energy or
heat. Understand the different types of thermodynamic equilibria, such as thermal
equilibrium, mechanical equilibrium, and chemical equilibrium.
6. Applications of Thermodynamics: Finally, make sure you understand the various
applications of thermodynamics, such as refrigeration, air conditioning, and power
generation. You may be asked questions related to these applications on the NEET
exam.
These are some of the key concepts that you should focus on while preparing for the
thermodynamics section of the NEET exam. Practice solving problems and understanding
the underlying concepts thoroughly to achieve success on the exam.
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