AP Computer Science Principals: Unit 1 Digital Information Study Guide 2023

AP Computer Science Principals: Unit 1 Digital Information Study Guide 2023 Decimal number: - correct answer a base 10 number with ten possible different digits (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9) Decimal (base 10) uses only combinations of the digits 0 - 9. 10^1 10^0 10 1 2 3 ----- 2 and 3 are the decimals! Binary number: - correct answer a base 2 number with two possible different digits (0 1) 2^4 2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0 16 8 4 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 -------- Binary Abstraction: - correct answer Generational development of programming languages from the machine language to the assembly language and the high-level language. ... In simple terms, abstraction is removing irrelevant data so a program is easier to understand. The use of digital data to approximate real-world analog data is an example of abstraction Abstraction is the process of reducing complexity by focusing on the main idea. By hiding details irrelevant to the question at hand and bringing together related and useful details, abstraction reduces complexity and allows one to focus on the idea. • Bit: - correct answer Short for binary digit. It is the smallest unit available to store information. A single bit has two possible states (usually thought of as 0 or 1). • Byte: - correct answer 8 bits of data. It is the standard "chunk size" for binary information in most computers. • Overflow: - correct answer Occurs when a value to be represented is outside the range of the number of bits used to store it. For example, when using 3 bits, you can only represent 8 different values (0-7). If you tried to store the decimal number 10 with 3 bits, you'd get an overflow error and the value would be stored as 010 instead. • Roundoff Error: - correct answer Occurs when the value to be represented is in between the possible values that can be stored. For example, if using 3 bits, we can