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Summary

Summary Epidemiology and Biostatistics

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  • Course
  • Epidemiologie en biostatistiek
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)

In deze samenvatting staat uitvoerig beschreven: 1. Onderzoeksdesigns (research designs) 2. Uitkomstmaten (outcome measures) 3. Selectie en informatiebias (selection and information bias) 4. Analyse van dichotome en continue uitkomstmaten (analysis of dichotomous and continuous outcome variables) 5...

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Document information

  • October 25, 2016
  • 47
  • 2015/2016
  • Summary

Subjects

  • epidemiologie
  • epidemiology
  • statistics
  • biostatistics
  • relative risk
  • cumulative incidence
  • regressie
  • regression
  • analysis

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Health Sciences
  • Epidemiologie en biostatistiek
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By: Yasemin • 7 year ago

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By: Beertje • 8 year ago

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Content preview

Summary Online Epidemiology Course
Research Designs


Epidemiology is a strong increase in the
prevalence of a certain disease and is not
limited to infectious diseases.
Epidemiology is the research of a disease or
health in people, while epidemiology is the
methodology of epidemiological research.
Descriptive epidemiology: Frequencies of
disease of health states in populations
For example: What is the proportion of yearly
lung cancer cases in the Dutch adult
population?
Analytical epidemiology: It is about relationships, causes, diagnostics or course of diseases. For
example: Is smoking a cause of lung cancer?
In analytical epidemiology there are determinants (the possible cause; independent variable) and the
outcome (dependent variable).
Epidemiological studies are most interested in relationships between determinants and outcomes
(cause and effect relationships).


There are a lot of factors that can influence the outcome that was measured, that were measured or
weren't measured. Therefore, it can become difficult to measure the effect of a certain determinant on
a outcome.


Experimental designs (Trials; Randomized Trials)
In experimental research, the study of the participants is manipulated with the aim of examining
whether the manipulation has any effect. The participants are assigned to a category of the
determinant, and the researcher chooses what the category of the determinant is.


In experimental studies participants are allocated to a determinant (intervention) and can be extended
to comparison of more than 2 groups.


For example: Exercise therapie vs massage vs placebo


Experimental trials can be divided into:
• Pragmatic trials
• Explanatory trials


In pragmatic trials the degree of beneficial effect in "real" clinical practice are measured. So the
question that is asked: Which treatment is the best for my patient? (not important why the
1

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