NSG 533 Adv Pharm: Module 1: GI: Exam 2023 With complete solution

1. Which drug class is most effective in treating erosive lesions:?: PPIs 2. Name 4 H2RAs:: Cimetidine (Tagamet) Famotidine (Pepcid) Ranitidine (Zantac) Nizatidine (Axid) 3. What is the action of H2RAs?: Decrease acid secretion by blocking histamine 2-receptors in gastric parietal cells 4. Name 4 benefits of H2RAs: 1. Relieve GERD symptoms 2. Can be administered prophylactically 3. More effective at controlling chronic GERD symptoms than ANTACIDS 4. Intermittent & routine dosing possible based on degree of symptom control needed. 5. Name 2 drawbacks of H2RAs: 1. Less effective in controlling chronic GERD symptoms than PPIs 2. Renal elimination may require dose adjustment in kidney dysfunction patients 6. What are the side effects associated with H2RAs?: H/A, nausea (Cimeti- dine), weak inhibitor, common drug interactions, gynecomastia, & Vit B-12 defi- ciency which affects patients' tolerance 7. Name the benefits of Antacids: 1. Useful for intermittent treatment of GERD symptoms 2. Immediate symptom relief 3. Usually well-tolerated 8. What are the drawbacks of Antacids?: 1. Requires frequent dosing 2. Aluminum or Magnesium containing antacids may result in electrolyte imbal- ances esp. in pts. w/renal impairment 3. May interfere w/absorption of fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, iron products, & thyroid hormones (doses should be several hours apart) 9. What are the side effects of Antacids?: May cause Constipation or Diarrhea depending on the formulation used 10. What is the Pharmacological Therapy Effectiveness of Antacids?: - Antacids briefly neutralize gastric acid but lacks acid-suppressive properties & are inferior to H2RAs 11. What is the Pharmacological Therapy Effectiveness of H2RAs?: Hista- mine-2 Receptor Antagonists decrease acid secretion to a lesser extent than PPIs (& are therefore inferior to PPIs)