Unit 1 SCLY1 - Culture and Identity; Families and Households; Wealth, Poverty and Welfare
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Summary Marxism and the family
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Unit 1 SCLY1 - Culture and Identity; Families and Households; Wealth, Poverty and Welfare
Institution
AQA
Everything you need to know about marxism and the family. Includes Engels, Zaretsky, Hochschild, Parsons and evaluations. Parsons functional fit theory, 2 irreducible functions. Commodification, alienation, nuclear family
Unit 1 SCLY1 - Culture and Identity; Families and Households; Wealth, Poverty and Welfare
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Marxism and the family
Engels (1884)
- In the early stages of evolution – family did
not exist – this was an era of primitive
communism and characterised by promiscuity
no rules around sexual relationships
(promiscuous horde).
- Family evolved out of polygyny to the nuclear
family as more restrictions were placed upon
sexual relationships and the production of children
The monogamous nuclear family developed with the
emergence of private property.
- Marriage is based on the supremacy of man, the
express purpose being to produce children of
undisputed paternity; such paternity is demanded
because these children are later to come into their
father’s property as natural heirs.
Engels - EVALUATIONS
o Research has found evidence of monogamous
marriage and nuclear families in hunting and
gathering tribes (not capitalists)
o Gough (1972) monogamous families exist in small-
scale societies and through marriage take on
additional obligations to their spouse’s kin. Wider
kinship groups weaken within the development of
private property alienation
o Chambers (2012) Engels over emphasises the
importance of economic production over
reproduction
Zaretsky (1976)
- Family creates the illusion of ‘private life’ being
separate to the economy
- Family life is a welcome escape from feeling
unfulfilled by capitalist work
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