Summary Intuition and deduction (AS PHILOSOPHY A* NOTES AQA)
4 views 0 purchase
Course
Epistemology
Institution
AQA
Book
Philosophy for AS and A Level
This document covers the full summarised notes of the micheal lacewing aswell as teacher teaching, it has given me an A* in my exams and my teachers have approved of these notes.
Please contact me with any questions.
REASON AS A SOURCE OF
KNOWLEDGE – INTUITION AND
DEDUCTION
, Notes:
Descartes argues that we can learn things about the world through reason alone; we can
gain synthetic a priori knowledge
Deductive reasoning, applied by the rationalist is systematic
If all premises are true then the conclusion must be true
CLAIMS TO KNOW THREE THINGS: HE EXISTS, EXTERNAL WORLD EXISTS, AND GOD EXISTS
Intuition = non-sensory, rational
- In which the mind can grasp or understand certain propositions
- A priori ( no experience )
- Can see and understand truth by merely thinking about it
- Analytic truths = reached by intuition
- Rational intuition = capacity to discover the truth of a claim just by thinking
about it using reason
o E. g I am a man and all men are mortal
- Immediate insight into a truth, intellectual capacity to see the truth through
reason
o It is immediate certainty directly indubitable
Indubitable = free from doubt
Deduction =
- If we accept premises to be true, then conclusion must be valid
- If premises are false then the conclusion is false
- Deals in certainty
- Can use deduction from analytic truths to reach synthetic propositions
o NOT INDUCTIVE = INFERENCE/ PROBABILITY
- E.g anything that is a man is mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is a
mortal
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MasterPhilosopherAlevel. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.93. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
