Test Bank for Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition Wedding
Test Bank for Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition Wedding
Test Bank for Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition Wedding
Test Bank for Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition Wedding
Test Bank for Current Psychotherapies 10th Edition Wedd...
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, Chapter 1
Introduction to 21st-Century Psychotherapies
Authors: Frank Dumont
Key Points and Terms
Evolution of the Science and Profession of Psychology
Early attempts to address mental disorders include:
► Pre-Christian, temple-like asklepeia and other retreat centers, which used religio-
philosophical lectures, to assuage if not remedy psychological disorders.
► Hellenist physicians understood that the brain was not only the seat of knowledge and
learning but also the source of depression, delirium, and madness.
► Hippocrates insisted that his students address illnesses by natural means.
Psychotherapy in its present guise did not clearly emerge until the 18th century. Below are some
key players:
► Scientific study of the unconscious attributed to renowned polymath Gottfried Wilhelm
Leibniz:
▪ Investigated subliminal perceptions
▪ Coined the term “dynamic”
► Johann Friedrich Herbart:
▪ Attempted to apply mathematics to dynamics
▪ Suggested ideas struggle with one another to access consciousness
► Franz Anton Mesmer and his disciple the Marquis de Puysegur are influential in current
understanding of:
▪ hypnotherapy
▪ rapport between therapist and patient
▪ influence of the unconscious
▪ importance of the qualities of the therapist
▪ spontaneous remission of disorders
▪ hypnotic somnambulism
▪ selective function of unconscious memory
▪ role of patient confidence
▪ common factors across effective treatments
► Arthur Schopenhauer
▪ Work strongly influenced Freud
► Gustav T. Fechner
▪ Made distinction between waking and sleeping states
▪ Attempted to measure the intensity of psychic stimulation
► Herman von Helmholtz
▪ Discovered the phenomenon of unconscious inference
► Emil Kraepelin
▪ Attention to classifying diseases
► Carl Gustav Carus
Introduction to 21st-Century Psychotherapies 1
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