Bio 152 Exam 4 question with complete solution 2023

Bio 152 Exam 4 question with complete solution 2023Transcription factors bind to - correct answer promoter Differentiation - correct answer process in which cells become specialized in structure and function How do somatic cells that all have the same DNA become different from each other? - correct answer They express different genes morphogenesis - correct answer "origin of form" how differentiated cells get organized spatially What are morphogens? - correct answer substances that establish an embryo's axes and features. French Flag Model - correct answer maternal effect genes - correct answer comes from mother - determine anterior and posterior poles in the embryo segmentation genes - correct answer determine number, boundaries, polarity of larval segments hox genes - correct answer determine function of each segment - what each segment will become hunchback protein - correct answer head develops where large concentration of hunchback proteins are present nanos __________ hunchback while bicoid ___________ hunchback - correct answer inhibits, promotes Growth - correct answer increase in body size by cell division and expansion *Direct Development* When lots of nourishing yolk is present, embryos develop into _____ - correct answer a miniature adult *Indirect Development* When little yolk is present, young develop into ______ - correct answer larval stages that can feed Allometric growth - correct answer Proportioning that gives a body a specific form. (i.e. human head grows slower than human legs) isometric growth - correct answer entire body grows at same rates 4 Sequential Stages of Development - correct answer 1. Fertilization 2. Cleavage 3. Gastrulation 4. Organogenesis direct product of fertilization - correct answer zygote (n+n = 2n)