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Zusammenfassung Erklärung Vokabeln Epigenetik $5.91   Add to cart

Summary

Zusammenfassung Erklärung Vokabeln Epigenetik

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In diesem Dokument werden die verschiedenen Fachbegriffe der Epigenetik entschlüsselt und aufgelistet.

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  • May 22, 2023
  • 1
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • Gymnasium
  • 1
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Epigenetik

Phänom
25000 Gene - proteinkodierende Gene (Mensch)
Methylierung - schaltet Gen ab (keine m-RNA abgelesen)
Nukleosom - 8 Histonproteine
Acetylgruppen - lockern Nucleosome auf (DNA kann abgelesen
werden)
98% DNA - nc-RNA (non coding) - r-RNA
- mi-RNA
- si-RNA
GEN - DNA Bereich dessen Transkribtion - Protein oder

Tafelbild:

Genom:
- gesamte Erbinformation (DNA) einer Zelle
- Gesamtheit aller Gene eines Organismus

Epigenom:
- gesamtes Muster der chemischen Modifikation vo DNA Strang und
Histonen durch Methylierung der Acetylierung
Proteom:
- Gesamtheit aller in den Körperzellen vorkommenden Proteine
Genotyp:
- Genausstattung eines Organismus
Phenotyp:
- äußeres Erscheinungsbild eines Organismus
Modifikation:
- revesible Veränderung des Erbguts durch Umwelteinflüsse
coding DNA:
- DNA Bereiche, die Proteine codieren (2%)
non coding DNA:
- DNA Bereiche, die für die Transkription von non-coding RNAs
codieren (Bsp.: t-RNA, r-RNA, etc.)
Heterochromatin:
- dicht gepackte Form der DNA
- die Gene sind dann nicht ablesbar, weil sie die
RNA-Polymerase durch die enge Wicklung nicht an die DNA kommt
Euchromatin:
- DNA liegt “aufgelockert” vor
- die Gene sind aktiv und können transkribiert werden

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