AQA GCSE Physics - Paper 1 Latest 2023 Graded A+

AQA GCSE Physics - Paper 1 Latest 2023 Graded A+ Energy Stores 1) Elastic potential 2) Gravitational potential 3) Thermal 4) Electrostatic 5) Nuclear 6) Chemical 7) Kinetic 8) Magnetic 9) Light 10) Sound How is energy transferred? 1) Mechanically - force doing work 2) Electrically - work done by moving charges 3) Heating/Radiation - light, sound How can work be done? When a current flows or by a force moving an object Kinetic energy formula E=1/2mv² Kinetic energy(J) = 0.5 x mass(kg) x speed²(m/s) Gravitational potential energy formula E=mgh G.P.E(J) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m) What happens when an object falls and there's no air resistance? Energy lost from the g.p.e store = energy gained in the kinetic energy store What does air resistance do when acting against falling objects? It causes some energy to be transferred to other energy stores e.g. the thermal energy stores of the object and the surroundings Elastic potential energy formula E=1/2ke² E.P.E(J) = 0.5 x spring constant(N/m) x extension²(m) What is SHC? The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C SHC formula E=mcθ Change in thermal energy(J) = mass(kg) x SHC(J/kg/°C) x temperature change(°C) What is the conservation of energy principle? Energy can be transferred usefully, or stored or dissipated (wasted energy), but can never be created or destroyed What is power? The rate of energy transfer, or the rate of doing work What is 1W equal to? 1J of energy transferred per second Power Equation 1 E=Pt Energy transferred(J) = power(W) x time(s) Power Equation 2 W=Pt Work done