The entire renal module condensed into just a few mindmaps with diagrams, explanations, colours. Everything you need to know as a university of Southampton 2nd year medical student to pass formative and summative exams and of course relevant information for all medical students. This bundle contain...
Renal lobe = a medullary pyramid, with its surrounding
cortex.
umbrella
cells
Renal lobule = the group of nephrons emptying into one
collecting duct.
= Stratified epithelium I
Histology of ureters
Lines calyces, renal pelvis, ureters,
Vasa recta
urethra and urinary bladder
Low blood flow allows time for osmotic Rugae = folds of mucosa
equilibration. Counter current exchange of – On distension (bladder filling) rugae flatten
– Allows a reserve of mucosal surface area
water and solutes. Important for maintaining
osmotic gradient in medulla.
Renal capsule - Dense irregular connective tissue with
myofibroblasts. Contractility of myofibroblasts may help to resist
volume/pressure change within the kidney.
Renal tubules
Proximal convoluted tubule - small lumen, thick simple cuboidal Layers of bowman’s capsule
epithelial wall with microvilli. Pink cytoplasm because redundant
Juxtaglomerular apparatus mitochondria Visceral - consists of podocytes, foot processes and
- Located at vascular pole of renal corpuscle
filtration slits
- Regulates blood pressure and filtration rate Distal convoluted tubule - larger and clearer lumen, small simple Parietal - Simple squamous epithelium, continuous
- Made of macula densa, granular and cuboidal epithelial cell with the proximal convoluted tubule.
extraglomerular mesangial cells
Loop of Henle - simple squamous epithelium
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