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Summary Ethiopia case study
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Notes on case study with good place-specific information for OCR geography A
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Ethiopia case studyGeography of the country
Addis Ababa is the capital of Ethiopia.
Ethiopia is an entirely landlocked country.
The east of Ethiopia is generally more flat and at a lower elevation, whereas the west is
more mountainous.
Generally, there is less precipitation in the lower east and more in the west where the
elevation is greater.
More precipitation is very beneficial as it allows for more efficient crop growth.
Building infrastructure on areas with steep relief is a lot more difficult.
One issue is landslides, which could destroy infrastructure and take time to rebuild.
Addis Ababa receives the most water from June to September at around 300mm/month,
whereas it is very dry from November to February, where it receives around 30mm of
rainfall.
These times of low rainfall could cause water shortage problems within the city.
Most of the wheat and maize farming is done in the west of the country where there is more
precipitation.
There is a government ban on the export of cereal crops such as wheat and maize. This is
done in order to improve the food security of the country in order to increase their supply
on the domestic market.
The population density is higher on the west of the country and there are more water
sources in the west.
Trade
Biggest imports are:
o Refined petroleum ($1.24B)
o Gas turbines ($532M)
o Planes/helicopters/spacecraft ($406M)
o Wheat ($320M)
Mainly importing from:
o China ($2.75B)
o India ($903M)
o UAE ($798M)
o US ($554)
The main exports from Ethiopia are:
o Coffee
o Oily seeds
o Gas turbines
o Gold
Which go to:
o US
o Somalia
o Hong Kong
o UAE
o Saudi Arabia
Gold production is again mainly done in the west of the country where there are richer
supplies.
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