QASP Autism Core Knowledge Questions and Answers 2023

QASP Autism Core Knowledge Questions and Answers 2023 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) a developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior Common Characteristics of ASD problems with social interaction with others. This may include problems talking back and forth, working, or playing with others unusual interest in objects need for sameness great variation in abilities under or over reaction to one or more of the five senses: sight, touch, taste, smell, or hearing repeated actions or body movements unusual emotional reactions and expressions Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) a diagnosis that is used for "severe and pervasive impairment in the development of reciprocal social interaction or verbal and nonverbal communication skills, or when stereotyped behavior, interests, and activities are present, but the criteria are not met for another developmental disorder Asperger's Syndrome a developmental disorder characterised by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests; relatively normal language acquisition and intelligence Triad of Primary Impairments impairment in social interaction impairments in communication restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities Risk Factors of ASD Child's sex, family history, co-morbid diagnoses, extremely preterm babies, parents' age Current CDC Rates of ASD 1 in 59 children. Boys 4 times more like than girls Serial Processing the act of attending to and processing one item at a time Parallel Processing the act of attending to and processing all items simultaneously Common co-morbidities with ASD Epilepsy/seizures Sleep disorders/disturbance ADHD Gastrointestinal disorders Feeding/eating challenges Obesity Anxiety Depression Bipolar disorder Pragmatic Language social language skills that we use in our daily interactions with others Receptive Language understanding the words, sentences and meaning of what others say or what is read Expressive Language putting thoughts into words and sentences, in a way that makes sense and is grammatically accurate Sensory-Motor Skills process of receiving sensory messages and producing a response Social Skills any competence facilitating interaction and communication with others where social rules and relations are created, communicated, and changed in verbal and nonverbal way Joint Attention shared focus of two or more individuals on an object Methods of Diagnosis for ASD Developmental Screening and Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation Developmental Screening short test to tell if children are learning basic skills when they should, or if they might have delays Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation thorough review may include looking at the child's behavior and development and interviewing the parents. It may also include a hearing and vision screening, genetic testing, neurological testing, and other medical testing Typical Milestones: Social Emotional 4 years old: enjoys doing new things, interacts with others, prefers social interaction to isolation 5 years old: show concern for others, agree to more rules, aware of gender, more independence in social scenarios 6-8 years: more attention to friendships, wants to be liked and accepted, thinks about future, understands place in the world Typical Milestones: Language and Communication 4 years old: knows basic rules of grammar, can tell stories, can say first and last name 5 years old: speaks clearly, tell simple story in complete sentences, use future tense, say name and address Typical Milestones: Cognitive 4 years old: name some colors and numbers, understands idea of counting, starts to understand time, remembers parts of a story, knows difference between same and different, plays board and card games, says what will happen next in a book 5 years old: can count 10 or more things, can print some letters and numbers, can copy basic geometric shapes, knows about things used everyday like food and money 6-8 years: rapid development of cognitive skills, more concern for others