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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 11 het bloed
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samenvatting van anatomie en fysiologie zorgthema 4, 1ste jaar verpleegkunde
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By: almacaushaj • 5 year ago
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Hoofdstuk 11:cardiovasculair stelsel, het bloed
,INHOUD
een inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 3
functies en eigenschappen bloed ............................................................................................................................. 3
wat is bloed? ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
functies ................................................................................................................................................................. 3
transport ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
stabilisering van de ph ...................................................................................................................................... 4
beperking van vloeistofverlies .......................................................................................................................... 4
verdediging ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
stabilisering lichaamstemperatuur ................................................................................................................... 4
samenstelling bloed .............................................................................................................................................. 5
bloedafname en onderzoek ................................................................................................................................. 5
plasma....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
samenstelling ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
plasma eiwitten .................................................................................................................................................... 6
albuminen ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
globulinen ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
fibrinogeen ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
afkomst ............................................................................................................................................................. 7
rode bloedcellen ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
relatieve hoeveelheid RBC.................................................................................................................................... 7
structuur rode bloedcellen ................................................................................................................................... 8
structuur en functie hemoglobine........................................................................................................................ 8
bouw ................................................................................................................................................................. 8
fysiologie ........................................................................................................................................................... 9
bloedarmoede .................................................................................................................................................. 9
levensduur van RBC en circulatie ....................................................................................................................... 10
hergebruik van hemoglobine ......................................................................................................................... 10
erytropoëse ............................................................................................................................................................ 11
regulering van erytropoëse ................................................................................................................................ 11
erytropoëtine.................................................................................................................................................. 11
bloedgroepen ......................................................................................................................................................... 12
antigenen ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
kruisreactie bij bloedtransfusie .......................................................................................................................... 12
hemolytische aandoeningen bij pasgeborenen – resusincompatibiliteit .......................................................... 13
leukocyten – witte bloedcellen .............................................................................................................................. 14
1
, verplaatsing en circulatie van leukocyten .......................................................................................................... 14
types leukocyen .................................................................................................................................................. 15
neutrofielen .................................................................................................................................................... 16
eosinofielen .................................................................................................................................................... 16
basofielen ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
monocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
lymfocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
stollingsproces ........................................................................................................................................................ 17
Trombocyten ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
hemostase .............................................................................................................................................................. 18
fase van hemostase ............................................................................................................................................ 18
vasculaire fase ................................................................................................................................................ 18
bloedplaatjesfase............................................................................................................................................ 18
coagulatiefase ................................................................................................................................................. 18
stollingsproces .................................................................................................................................................... 19
calcium en vit B ............................................................................................................................................... 20
retractie en verwijdering van stolsels ................................................................................................................ 20
2
, HOOFDSTUK 11: CARDIOVASCULAIR
STELSEL: BLOED
EEN INLEIDING
Lichaam communiceert voortdurend via chemische stoffen met uitwendig milieu.
Snelle uitwerking van die chemische stoffen door gebruik van bloedvatenstelsel = inwendig transportnetwerk
Bloedvatenstelsel centrale verwarming
Bloedvatenstelsel Centrale verwarming
Circulerende vloeistof Bloed Water
Pomp Hart Waterpomp
Buizennetwerk Bloedvaten Buizen
Functiestoornissen door:
Vloeistofverlies
Gebreken aan de pomp
Beschadiging buizen
FUNCTIES EN EIGENSCHAPPEN BLOED
WAT IS BLOED?
Bloed = circulerende vloeistof in bloed en is een gespecialiseerd type bindweefsel dat bestaat uit cellen die in
een vloeibare matrix ronddrijven.
FUNCTIES
5 belangrijke functies:
Transport
Stabilisering pH
Beperking vochtverlies
Verdediging
Stabilisering lichaamstemperatuur
TRANSPORT
Transport van:
Opgeloste gassen
Voedingstoffen
Hormonen
Afvalproducten van stofwisseling
3
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