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CEN RESPIRATORY: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CEN RESPIRATORY: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CEN RESPIRATORY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWhich respiratory emergency presents with fever, cough, pleuritic chest pain,
and crackles that do not clear with coughing?
Asthma, pulmonary edema, chronic bronchitis OR Pneumonia Correct Ans
- Pneumonia
Pneumonia presents with fever, cough, pleuritic chest pain, and lung sounds
(such as crackles) that do not usually clear with coughing..
Which respiratory emergency causes permanent abnormal enlargement of the
air spaces?
Asthma, pulmonary edema, emphysema, pulmonary embolus Correct Ans
- Emphysema
Patients with emphysema have a permanent, abnormal enlargement of air
spaces.
Asthma, pulmonary edema, and pulmonary embolus do not result in
permanent alveolar changes.
A woman, age 53, presents to the emergency department with shortness of
breath. Which other finding should make you suspect that pulmonary
embolism is the cause?
Tachypnea, productive cough, calf pain, pleuritic chest pain Correct Ans -
Calf pain for the past week
Most pulmonary emboli originate in the deep veins of the legs, which could
cause prolonged calf pain.
Tachypnea, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain are common,
nonspecific signs and symptoms of many respiratory conditions.
A man, age 72, presents to the emergency department with respiratory
distress. He arrived with portable oxygen from home and is now sitting in a
tripod position. Your assessment reveals a barrel chest. Which respiratory
condition should you suspect?
Pulmonary embolism, asthma, emphysema, acute bronchitis Correct Ans -
Emphysema
, Barrel chest, home oxygen therapy, and the use of the tripod position are
classic presentations in a patient with emphysema. Pulmonary embolism,
asthma, and acute bronchitis are not associated with these findings.
Which statement best defines ventilation?
Ventilation is the
1. mechanical flow of air into and out of the lungs.
2. mechanical perfusion of air into and out of the lungs
3. mechanical respiration of air into and out of the lungs
4. mechanical diffusion of air into and out of the lungs Correct Ans -
Ventilation is the mechanical flow of air into and out of the lungs.
Negative intrathoracic pressure causes a vacuum effect, pulling air into the
lungs during inspiration. During expiration, the negative pressure decreases
and air is passively expelled. Cilia (hairlike structures in the passageways)
help move air toward the alveoli and move mucus and debris out of the
pulmonary system. Mucus-secreting goblet cells help maintain the sterility of
the lower airway. Surfactant allows the alveoli to remain open. Oxygen and
carbon dioxide are exchanged at the cellular level in the alveoli and
pulmonary capillaries.
define perfusion Correct Ans - the transport of blood to the tissues
define respirations Correct Ans - the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide at the cellular level.
define diffusion Correct Ans - Diffusion occurs when particles in fluid
move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Which respiratory emergency causes increased fluid in the lungs?
emphysema, pulmonary embolus, penumonia, pulmonary edema Correct
Ans - Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema causes increased fluid in the lungs.
Emphysema, pulmonary embolus, and pneumonia typically are not related to
fluid overload.
For a patient who presents with a severe exacerbation of asthma,
administration of which agent is the priority?
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