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CANS EXAM 1/63 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/A+ GRADED
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CANS EXAM 1/63 QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS/A+ GRADED
General Systems Theory- Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1936) - -A common
framework for studying several similar disciplines would allow scientists and
scholars to organize and communicate findings, making it easier to build on
the work of others.
-Components of Systems - --Input: material that enters a system
-Throughput: processes a system uses to convert material
-Output: end result or product of the system
-Evaluation: measures the success or failure of the output
-Feedback: information given back into the system to determine whether the
purpose or end result of the system has been achieved
-Hospital as a System - -The success of the hospital depends on the
functioning of many subsystems
First: The whole is different from and greater than the sum of its parts (its
subsystems).
Second: Synergy occurs when all the various subsystems work together to
create a result that is not independently achievable.
-Supra-system - -The larger environment outside the system
-An OPEN system - -promotes the exchange of matter, energy, and
information with other systems and the environment.
-A CLOSED system - -does not interact with other systems or with the
surrounding environment
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - -1) Physiologic needs - food, oxygen, rest,
activity, shelter, and sexual expression
2) Physical and psychological safety and security - reasonably predictable
environment with which one has some familiarity and relative freedom from
fear and chaos
3) Love and belonging - close intimate relations, social relations, a place in
the social structure
4) Self-esteem - need to feel self-worth, self-respect, and self-reliance
5) Self actualization - realized maximum potential
-Various environmental systems: - -family, cultural, social, poverty,
community/gloabl
, -WHO's definition of health: - -a state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
-Healthy People 2020 - -addresses a small set of health issues that are
significant threats to the health and the public.
26 leading health indicators. These indicators are organized into 12 topic
areas on quality of life, healthy behaviors, and healthy human development
across the life span.
-Health Beliefs Model
Rosenstock (1966, 1990) - -= "why some people change their health
behaviors while others do not."
Three components:
1. An evaluation of one's vulnerability to a condition and the seriousness of
that condition
2. An evaluation of how effective the health maintenance behavior might be
3. The presence of a trigger event that precipitates the health maintenance
behavior
-Self-Efficacy Concept
Bandura (1997) - -Self-efficacy is the belief in oneself as having the ability to
modify behavior
Four components for effective lifestyle change:
1) Information
2) Skill development
3) Skill enhancement through guided practice and feedback
4) Creating social supports for change
Also described a type of socialization, modeling, which is useful when
learning any new behavior (1977).
-Locus of control: - -People tend to be influenced by either internal or
external view of control.
-Health is internally controlled. Belief that health is controlled by what they
themselves do.
OR
-Health is externally controlled. Belief that health is determined by outside
factors.
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