Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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Crime and Deviance: Ethnicity and Crime Class Notes
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Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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AQA
For anyone studying Crime and Deviance in Sociology at A or AS Level, this document provides a thorough companion to your classes and textbook. Lesson 8/8 focuses on Ethnicity and Crime: views, reasons, case studies and evaluations, as well as all key terms and sociologists specified in a single te...
Unit 4 SCLY4 - Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods; Stratification and Differentiation with Theory and Methods
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Crime and Deviance: Lesson 8
Ethnicity and Crime
Key Terms: According to the last census in 2011, the total population of
Intra-ethnic- takes place within, rather England and Wales was 56.1 million.
than between, ethnic groups.
- 86% of the population was white.
Section 60- where no reasonable
- People from West Asian ethnic groups made up the second
suspicion is required.
largest percentage (7.5%).
Terrorism Act, 2000- the requirement
- Followed by black ethnic groups (3.3%).
under section 43 of this Act is a
- Mixed/multiple ethnic groups (2.2%).
‘reasonable suspicion’ that the person is
- Other ethnic groups (1%).
a terrorist.
BAME- black and minority ethnic. Sources of statistics for ethnicity and crime:
Low discretion stops- police act on
Victim surveys:
relevant information about a specific
offense. - Ask individuals to say what crimes they have been victims
High discretion stops- police act of.
without specific intelligence. - These show that a great deal of crime is intra-ethnic.
Sociologists:
Sharp & Budd- offending, crime and Criticisms of victim surveys:
justice survey. - Rely on victims’ memory of events.
Phillip & Bowling- BAME - Only cover personal crimes, which make up 20% of all
communities. crime.
- Excludes victims under 10 years old.
- Excludes crime by or against businesses.
Self-report studies:
- Ask individuals to disclose their own dishonest and violent behaviour.
Sharp & Budd (2005)- in the 2003 Offending, Crime and Justice survey of 12,000 people:
- 40% of white and ‘mixed’ ethnic people said they have committed an offense.
- 28% black
- 21% Asian
The findings of self-report studies challenge the stereotype of black people being more likely than white
people to offend.
Criticisms of self-reporting:
- The evidence on ethnicity and offending is somewhat inconsistent.
Stop and search:
- A police officer has powers to stop and search you if they have ‘reasonable grounds’ to suspect you.
- Black people are 9x more likely to be stopped and searched than white people.
- Black people were 18x more likely to be stopped under section 60.
Phillip & Bowling (2007):
Members of BAME communities are more likely to feel they are ‘over-policed’ and under-protected, and to
have limited faith in the police.
Brixton Riots, 1981:
Excessive stop and search led to black Brixton residents feeling they were treated unfairly by police.
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