CBIS Test Quiz Exam GRADED A+ MOD 015
Questions & Answers 2023/2024 VERIFIED
**2 types of acquired brain injury correct answers Traumatic and non-traumatic
*2 mechanisms of TBI correct answers traumatic impact (involving impact to the head) and traumatic
inertial (non-contact brain injury)
*2 sub-categories of impact injury correct answers open injury (penetrating, skull fracture meninges
breach), closed (non-penetrating)
*Closed brain injury: can cause 2 things, examples correct answers -can cause brain
lacerations/contusions, or intracerebral hemorrhage causing focal injuries, diffuse axonal injury
Examples: blast related, assaults, falls, MVA, Sports
*Open brain injury correct answers -breach of the skull or the meninges
-hematomas, hemorrhage, infections
-Examples: gunshot, stabbing, falls, MVAs, sports
*traumatic inertial injury: definition, example correct answers non-impact force resulting in injury
common example is rapid acceleration of brain in skull followed by rapid deceleration
diffuse axonal injury, white matter lesion, hemmorhage
-examples: falls, MVA, Sports
*non-traumatic brain injury: definition, examples correct answers damage via internal forces, such as
lack of O2 or nutrients to the brain
white matter lesions, hemmorahge
examples: stroke, neurotoxic poisoning, hypoxia, infections, tunmors
incidence rates of TBI: 3, death, hospital, ED correct answers death:2%
hospital: 11%
ED visit: 87%
how much of US pop living with BI correct answers 13.5 million
4.5 % of pop
*primary vs secondary injury correct answers primary: initial, mechanical damage
secondary: "cascade" pathophysiological processes, delay non-mechanical processes
,determining effects of brain injury (7) correct answers injury severity
age of injury
alcohol misuse
DV
Service in military
participation in sports
if had injury previously
*mild TBI: definition, may demonstrate (5) correct answers brief or no loss of consciousness
vomiting
lethargy
dizziness
unable to recall what just happened
*moderate TBI: definition, signs of (2)* correct answers unconsciousness of any period up to 24 hours,
neuro signs of brain trauma (skull fractures with contusion or bleeding, focal findings, in instrumental
testing)
*severe TBI correct answers Period of loss of consciousness greater than 24 hours
most likely group to sustain a TBI (3) correct answers older adolescents age 15-19 yo, young adults age 2-
24 yo, older adults age 65 or older
*patterns of TBI for ages: ED visists kids vs adults, non-accidental trauma, age patterns for falls vs MVA vs
gunshot correct answers TBI-related ED visits 92.7% kids, 59.7% of adults
non-accidental trauma is cause of 80% deaths for head trauma cases of children under 2 yo
18% TBI related emergencies are children 0-4 yo
Fall-related TBI highest among over 75 yo
MVA highest 15-24
gunshot 20-24 yo and 75 yo
risk of second injury is how many time greater after 1st? 3rd injury after 2nd? correct answers 3x
8x
% of prison pop with TBI correct answers 25-87%
significant factor in recidivisim
*mortality and TBI correct answers 2X more likely to die, reduction of life expectancy by 7 years
*TBI and neurologic disorders:3 correct answers Epilepsy
alzheimers disease
, CTE
*TBI and neuroendocrone disorders: % correct answers pituitary gland dysfunction,
growth hormone distrubance,
low thyroid dysfunction,
gonadotrophin deficiency
30% of mod to severe tbi
*TBI and incontinence correct answers neurogenic bladder
frequent UTIs
*TBI and psychiatric disease correct answers increased risk of developing numerous psychiatric disorders
*TBI and musculoskeletal dysfunction correct answers spasticity
*TBI and skeletal dysfunction: % correct answers Heterotrophic ossification: new bone formation in soft
tissue planes of surrounding joints
will lead to abnormal bony fusions
30%
costs of brain injury: amount, reason (2) correct answers reduced or lost productivity
inappropriate diagnosis and tx
76 billion
olmstead decision correct answers supreme court ruling to give individuals with disabilities cost-effective
community-based services
rehab act of 1973 correct answers Vocation services, help to find meaning
% of epilepsy TBI accounts for correct answers 5
CT and MRI: what are they, used to look for (2) correct answers 3d images of the brain
use to look for symmetry of the brain
asymmetrical or abnormal presence of blood
CT imagaing correct answers used to determine if skull fracture has occured, blood clots, etc
DTI (what is, comes from, can ID) correct answers Diffusion tensor imaging. Comes from MRI, major
tracts of brain can be identified
