ESOL CST | Questions and Answers with complete solution

passive voice - subject received the action instead of performing it monitoring - learning strategy: Krashen hypothesizes that language instruction results in the creation of a mental monitor through which the learner filters spoken and written output. The monitor aids learners in achieving accuracy, but may hinder the development of fluency. The ideal is a balance where the student has opportunities for unrestricted fluency and for using the monitor to "edit" and develop accuracy. BICS-Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills - The skills involved in everyday communication - listening, speaking, carrying on basic conversation, understanding speakers and getting one's basic needs met. CALP-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - The skills that are needed to succeed in the academic classroom, including problem solving, inferring, analyzing, synthesizing, and predicting. They go beyond the BICS, demanding much greater competence in the language. Comprehensible Input: - Students learn best when exposed to samples of the target language that are at or just above the student's current level of acquisition of the language. Teachers can ensure that the language used in the classroom is comprehensible by evaluating the students on the Stages of Language Acquisition