Summary Civil War and Reconstruction

Radical Republicans - A small group (within Republican party) of men who thought that the federal government should be very tough with the South during Reconstruction to force it to change; they wanted more protection for freedmen and more guarantees that Confederate nationalism was completely eliminated Anaconda Plan - A key point in the Union's war strategy was encircling the South as an anaconda squeezes its prey. This plan entailed a naval blockade and the capture of the Mississippi River corridor., A 3 step plan that broke down the south. Union called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R. This plan separated the south and strangled it from all sides like a snake. Andrew Johnson - A Southerner from Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. Amnesty - A general pardon for an offense against a government; in general, any act of forgiveness or absolution Sharecropping - A system used on southern farms after the civil war in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops., Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. Black Codes - Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves Segregation - the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group Reconstruction - The period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union