Exam (elaborations)
BKAT Study Guide With Complete Solution 2023
- Course
- Institution
BKAT Study Guide With Complete Solution 2023
[Show more]
Content preview
BKAT Study Guide With Complete Solution 2023What to do first if patient has chest pain. - Correct Answer-Rest!
ECG changes in an acute MI - Correct Answer-ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle. EMERGENCY.
Inferior leads - Correct Answer-II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
Septal leads - Correct Answer-V1 & V2.
Anterior leads - Correct Answer-V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
Lateral leads - Correct Answer-V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
Cardiac enzymes - Correct Answer-Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
Changes in CK - Correct Answer-Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 3-4 days
Changes in CK-MB - Correct Answer-Released after myocardial necrosis. Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
Troponin I - Correct Answer-Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
Troponin T - Correct Answer-Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
Common conditions that cause a murmur - Correct Answer-Aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR - Correct Answer-(Arterial Dilators) Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca channel blockers
Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR - Correct Answer-(Vasopressors) Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI - Correct Answer-Beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca channel blockers
Drugs to increase contractility/SVI - Correct Answer-Positive inotropes, dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP - Correct Answer-Venous Dilators - Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP - Correct Answer-Volume - Colloid, crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
Complications when using thrombolytics - Correct Answer-Allergic reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke
Failure to capture - Correct Answer-Pacer delivers a stimulus at the appropriate time but
no depolarization occurs. No P or QRS wave after pacer spike.
Failure to fire/pace - Correct Answer-No pacer spikes seen
Failure to sense - Correct Answer-Pacemaker does not detects heart's intrinsic activity or interprets noncardiac activity as intrinsic activity. Spikes in inappropriate times.
Normal PR - Correct Answer-0.12 - 0.20
Normal QRS - Correct Answer-0.04-0.10
Normal QT - Correct Answer-Less than 0.48. Varies by age, HR, and gender.
Vasopressors - Correct Answer-Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, phenylephrine/neosynephrine, vasopressin/pitressin, milrinone/Primacor, dobutamine/Dobutrex
Indication for dopamine/Intropin - Correct Answer-Acts on SNS to increased HR and BP. Indicated for hypotension, low CO, decreased renal blood flow. Use if patient is bradycardic.
Doses of dopamine - Correct Answer-Low: 0.5-2 mcg/kg/min (dopaminergic)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Tulips. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now