ATI Chapter 38: Rest & Sleep Rated 100% Correct!!

sleep - -promotes health -too little sleep leads to inability to concentrate, poor judgment, moodiness, and increased risk for accidents chronic sleep loss - increased risk for obesity, depression, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart attack, and stroke NREM (after stage 1 NREM people cycle 4-6x through other stages-each time REM time increases) - - nonrapid eye movement sleep -Stage 1 NREM-light sleep, only a few minutes, vital signs/metabolism beginning to diminish, awakens easily, feels relaxed and drowsy -Stage 2 NREM- 10-20 min in length, slightly more stimulation to awaken, increased relaxation Stage 3 NREM-deep sleep, relaxation with little movement, 15-30 min Stage 4 NREM-delta sleep, deepest sleep, 15-30min, vital signs low, physiologic rest & restoration, enuresis, sleep walking, sleeptalking possible, repair & renew of tissue REM (accounts of 75-80% of sleep time) - -rapid eye movement sleep -vivid dreaming, about 90min after falling asleep, average length 20min, varying vital signs, very difficult to awaken, cognitive restoration Infant/Toddlers - average 14-16 hr/day Adolescents - 9-10 hr/day Adults - 7-9 hr/day Common Sleep Disorders - *insomnia*-most common- inability to get adequate sleep and feel rested-acute or chronic or intermittent- women & older adults are more prone*sleep apnea* more than 5 breathing cessations lasting longer than 10 seconds per hour during sleep, decreased arterial oxygen saturation levels (central (CNS) or obstructive (mouth, throat, upper airway)) *narcolepsy*-sudden attacks of sleep during waking hours, risk for injury Assessment - sleep patterns, history, recent changes, sleep problems, linear scale (best & worst sleep), factors interfering with sleep (illness, life events, emotional stress, mental illness, diet, exercise, sleep environment, medications - bronchodilators anti-hypertensives)