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SCRN Study Guide: Anatomy And Physiology /65 Verified Questions With Answers (Graded A+)
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SCRN Study Guide: Anatomy And Physiology /65 Verified Questions With Answers (Graded A+)
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SCRN Study Guide: Anatomy AndPhysiology /65 Verified Questions With
Answers (Graded A+)
Quiz :What percentage of the body's oxygen supply and cardiac output does
the brain use? - √Answer :The brain uses 20% of the body's oxygen suppy and
15% of the body's cardiac output.
*brain cells do not store oxygen or glucose. The need a constant suppy of
micronutrients from arterial blood.
Quiz :What is the normal blood flow to cerebral tissue? When does electrical
failure occur? - √Answer :Normal blood flow to the brain is 50-55ml/100/min
electrical failure occurs at 15-20ml/100/min
Quiz :temporal lobe - √Answer :hearing, memory, learning, wernicke (receptive
aphasia), visual and auditory memories, behavioral elements
Quiz :frontal lobe - √Answer :personality, affect, tact, inhibition, judgement,
planning, motor strip body parts, frontal eye fields- conjugate eye movements;
pupil changes, extra pyramidal motor control, motor speech-articulation,
speed, and rhythm of speech, creative thought,abstract thinking
Quiz :parietal lobe - √Answer :pain, temperature, light, touch, vibration, two
point discrimination, visual function, language, reading, internal stimuli, tactile
sensation, and sensory comprehension
Quiz :occipital lobe infarcts - √Answer :macular vision, broca's area (expressive
aphasia), facial neurons
Quiz :Cerebellum - √Answer :The cerebellum first receives information about
an intended movement then it sends information back to the motor cortex
about the required direction, force, and duration of the movement. It acts like
an air traffic controller. The cerebellum can't initiate movement but is
responsible for unconscious coordination of movement. can cause lack of
coordination, clumsiness, shaking/tremors
* It is important to diagnose cerebellum infarcts early because swelling may
cause brain stem compression or hydrocephalous
Quiz :Cerebrum - √Answer :grey matter: cognition and personality deficits
white matter (deep): regions of the brain cannot communicate with each other
, Quiz :What causes brain stem infarcts? - √Answer :usually related to basilar
occlusion. This type of infarct is serious or fatal. Survivors may be left in a
vegatative state
Quiz :What is the main cause of cell death? - √Answer :hypoxia or anoxia
Quiz :What factors influence the rate and extent of penumbral tissue and
infarcted tissue - √Answer :1: rate of onset
2: Duration of ischemia
3: Degree of collateral circulation perfusing the infarcted zone
4: functionality of systemic circulation
5: hematologic factors
6: metabolic factors
Quiz :What is an appoptic cell death pathway? - √Answer :programed cell
death in the penumbral zone: normal biologic function where cells are
programmed to die in an organized fashion after nearby cell death
Quiz :What is a necrotic cell death pathway? - √Answer :loss of O2 and glucose
and cellular electrolyte exchange from a loss of atrial perfusion causes energy
failure and rapid cytoskeletal breakdown.
Quiz :What is the ischemic cascade? - √Answer :lack of blood-infarct-edema-
swelling-center of brain shifts from midline-increased ICP-compression of
neurons, nerve tracts, and cerebral arteries-persistant edema-irreversable
damage /death
Quiz :neuron - √Answer :A: 1. Neuron consists of cell bodywith nucleus and 1
or more extensions
2. Dendrites receive nerve impulses from other neurons or sensory receptors
3. axons carry nerve impulses away from cell body to another neuron or
effector organ
B: 1. stimulus affects the axon by changing the permeability of the axon
positive ions
2. influx of posisitve ions reduces electrical potential across a segment of the
membrane
3. This triggers a change in the adjacent segment of the axon like a chain
reaction
4. when it gets to the presynaptic terminal a neurotransmitter is released
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