FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE: MPH 500 LATEST 2023
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Public Health vs Medicine...how are they different?
The biggest difference between public health and medicine is that public health deals
with health from the perspective of populations, while medicine deals with health from
the perspective of individuals. In medicine, the patient is the individual person. In public
health, the patient is the entire community.
Healthy People 2020 and its importance
Healthy People provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the
health of all Americans. For 3 decades, Healthy People has established benchmarks
and monitored progress over time in order to:
-Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
-Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
-Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages.
Public health priorities 21st century
1. Reduce poverty in the poorest countries of the world, and to eliminate the pockets of
poverty that exist within countries, including among refugees.
2. Safeguard the gains already achieved in public health depends through sharing
health and medical knowledge, expertise and experience on a global scale.
3. Enhance health potential in the future by preventing and reducing premature
mortality, morbidity and disability, enabling people of all ages to achieve over time their
maximum potential, intellectually and physically through education, the development of
life skills and healthy lifestyles.
4. Strive to better understand healthy aging - the physical and mental characteristics of
old age and their associated problems
5.
Public health achievements in 20th and 21st century
20th century
Immunizations
Motor vehicle safety
Workplace safety
Control of infectious diseases (which includes immunizations)
Declines in deaths from heart disease and stroke
Safer and healthier foods
Healthier mothers and babies
Family planning
Fluoridation of drinking water to prevent dental caries (cavities)
Reduction of tobacco use
21st century
, Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases
Tobacco Control
Maternal and Infant Health
Motor Vehicle Safety
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Occupational Safety
Cancer Prevention
Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention
Improved Public Health Preparedness and Response
Leading causes of death in US and "actual" root causes of death—how does this
relate to health promotion?
Heart disease
Cancer
Accidents (unintentional injuries)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases)
Alzheimer's disease
Diabetes
Influenza and pneumonia
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
Intentional self-harm (suicide)
*Tobacco use, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity are leading ACTUAL root
causes of death in the U.S.
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to
improve, their health. To improve health, we need to deal with health issues and poor
determinants of health from an "upstream" approachWhat is the upstream approach?
looks for the cause of disease & disability and attempts to prevent problem rather than
treat it downstream
Social determinants of health
1. Neighborhood and Built Environment
2. Health and health care
3. Social and community context
4. Education
5. Economic stability
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES
Availability of resources to meet daily needs (e.g., safe housing and local food markets)
Access to educational, economic, and job opportunities
Access to health care services
Quality of education and job training
Availability of community-based resources in support of community living and
opportunities for recreational and leisure-time activities
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Public Health vs Medicine...how are they different?
The biggest difference between public health and medicine is that public health deals
with health from the perspective of populations, while medicine deals with health from
the perspective of individuals. In medicine, the patient is the individual person. In public
health, the patient is the entire community.
Healthy People 2020 and its importance
Healthy People provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the
health of all Americans. For 3 decades, Healthy People has established benchmarks
and monitored progress over time in order to:
-Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and
premature death.
-Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
-Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages.
Public health priorities 21st century
1. Reduce poverty in the poorest countries of the world, and to eliminate the pockets of
poverty that exist within countries, including among refugees.
2. Safeguard the gains already achieved in public health depends through sharing
health and medical knowledge, expertise and experience on a global scale.
3. Enhance health potential in the future by preventing and reducing premature
mortality, morbidity and disability, enabling people of all ages to achieve over time their
maximum potential, intellectually and physically through education, the development of
life skills and healthy lifestyles.
4. Strive to better understand healthy aging - the physical and mental characteristics of
old age and their associated problems
5.
Public health achievements in 20th and 21st century
20th century
Immunizations
Motor vehicle safety
Workplace safety
Control of infectious diseases (which includes immunizations)
Declines in deaths from heart disease and stroke
Safer and healthier foods
Healthier mothers and babies
Family planning
Fluoridation of drinking water to prevent dental caries (cavities)
Reduction of tobacco use
21st century
, Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases
Tobacco Control
Maternal and Infant Health
Motor Vehicle Safety
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Occupational Safety
Cancer Prevention
Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention
Improved Public Health Preparedness and Response
Leading causes of death in US and "actual" root causes of death—how does this
relate to health promotion?
Heart disease
Cancer
Accidents (unintentional injuries)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases)
Alzheimer's disease
Diabetes
Influenza and pneumonia
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
Intentional self-harm (suicide)
*Tobacco use, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity are leading ACTUAL root
causes of death in the U.S.
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to
improve, their health. To improve health, we need to deal with health issues and poor
determinants of health from an "upstream" approachWhat is the upstream approach?
looks for the cause of disease & disability and attempts to prevent problem rather than
treat it downstream
Social determinants of health
1. Neighborhood and Built Environment
2. Health and health care
3. Social and community context
4. Education
5. Economic stability
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES
Availability of resources to meet daily needs (e.g., safe housing and local food markets)
Access to educational, economic, and job opportunities
Access to health care services
Quality of education and job training
Availability of community-based resources in support of community living and
opportunities for recreational and leisure-time activities
