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Samenvatting - Gezinsondersteuning
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Gezinsondersteuning
Professionele Bachelor in de
Orthopedagogie
Merel Vanhove
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
legitimering van opvoedingsondersteuning ..................................................................................................... 6
inleidng ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
historische context .............................................................................................................................................. 6
vroeger ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
en nu?.............................................................................................................................................................. 8
aandacht voor opvoedingsonzekerheid .............................................................................................................. 8
tendensen ....................................................................................................................................................... 8
opvoedingsonzekerheid, een probleem? ........................................................................................................ 9
het spanningsveld tussen opvoedingsondersteuning en preventie.................................................................... 9
wat is opvoedingsondersteuning? .................................................................................................................. 10
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
definitie ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
definities van Vandemeulebroecke ............................................................................................................... 10
de definitie van het Vlaams Decreet (2007) .................................................................................................. 10
aanverwante begrippen: wat het niet (helemaal) is ......................................................................................... 10
uitgangspunten van opvoedingsondersteuning ................................................................................................ 11
opvoeden en de implicaties voor opvoedingsondersteuning ........................................................................... 12
een visie op ‘opvoeding’ ................................................................................................................................... 12
het werkterrein ................................................................................................................................................. 13
het uiteindelijk doel .......................................................................................................................................... 13
de wijze waarop het doel kan bereikt worden.................................................................................................. 13
een continuüm van functies .......................................................................................................................... 14
activiteiten en werkvormen .......................................................................................................................... 18
werkingsprincipes voor een kwalitatief aanbod ........................................................................................... 18
samenvatting en slot ......................................................................................................................................... 20
behoefte aan opvoedingsondersteuning ........................................................................................................ 21
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 21
onderzoek naar de behoeften aan opvoedingsondersteuning ......................................................................... 21
opvoedingsvragen ......................................................................................................................................... 21
nood aan steun ............................................................................................................................................. 22
onvervulde steunbehoeften .......................................................................................................................... 22
welke vormen van opvoedingsondersteuning wensen ouders? ....................................................................... 22
persoonlijk contact ........................................................................................................................................ 22
schriftelijk voorlichtingsmateriaal ................................................................................................................. 23
TV en internet ............................................................................................................................................... 23
conclusie........................................................................................................................................................ 23
Gezinsondersteuning 1
, verschillen tussen ouders in behoefte aan opvoedingsondersteuning ............................................................ 23
de leeftijd van het kind ................................................................................................................................. 24
het geslacht van het kind .............................................................................................................................. 24
hoogopgeleide ouders .................................................................................................................................. 24
kansarme ouders ........................................................................................................................................... 24
alleenstaande ouders .................................................................................................................................... 24
steunbehoefte over allochtone ouders ......................................................................................................... 25
vaders buiten beeld? ..................................................................................................................................... 25
andere specifieke groepen van ouders ......................................................................................................... 25
algemeen besluit ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Vaders in de opvoeding en ontwikkeling van kinderen .................................................................................. 26
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 26
vaders trekken de aandacht .............................................................................................................................. 26
zorg voor jonge kinderen .................................................................................................................................. 27
kunnen vaders voor jonge kinderen zorgen? ................................................................................................ 27
zijn vader en moeder onderling inwisselbaar? ............................................................................................. 27
het effect van vader op de ontwikkeling van het kind .................................................................................. 28
vaders en adolescenten .................................................................................................................................... 28
vader-dochter- en vader-zoonrelaties .............................................................................................................. 29
toekomstig onderzoek ...................................................................................................................................... 29
ondersteuningsbehoeften van vaders .............................................................................................................. 30
vaders en opvoedingsondersteuning ................................................................................................................ 30
vaders bereiken: strategieën en tips ................................................................................................................. 31
huizen van het kind ........................................................................................................................................ 32
kerntaken .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
decreet preventiegezinsondersteuning ............................................................................................................ 32
functies .............................................................................................................................................................. 32
doelstellingen .................................................................................................................................................... 32
kenmerken ‘huizen van het kind’ ...................................................................................................................... 33
Inspiratie : Family Centers (Zweden, Finland en Noorwegen) .......................................................................... 33
theoretische modellen ................................................................................................................................... 34
procesmodel van Belsky .................................................................................................................................... 34
het sociaal interactiemodel van Patterson ....................................................................................................... 35
het ontstaan van gedragproblemen.............................................................................................................. 35
de ontwikkelingsfasen ................................................................................................................................... 36
beïnvloedende factoren ................................................................................................................................ 37
ouderlijk opvoedkundig gedrag .................................................................................................................... 37
Gezinsondersteuning 2
, triple P ........................................................................................................................................................... 38
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
wat is triple P? ................................................................................................................................................... 38
opgroeien gaat niet vanzelf............................................................................................................................... 38
doelstellingen van het triple P programma ....................................................................................................... 39
doelgroep .......................................................................................................................................................... 39
opklimmende interventieniveaus ..................................................................................................................... 39
niveau 1: massamediale voorlichting over opvoeding en de ontwikkeling van kinderen → universeel ...... 40
niveau 2: gerichte vorolichting rond opvoedingsvragen → selectief ........................................................... 40
Niveau 3: gericht advies bij specifieke zorgen → eerstelijns ........................................................................ 41
Niveau 4: ondersteuning bij ernstige gedragsproblemen → standaard ....................................................... 41
Niveau 5: gezinsinterventie bij ernstige gedragsproblemen......................................................................... 41
samengevat ................................................................................................................................................... 42
kostenseffectiviteit............................................................................................................................................ 43
doorlopend aanbod........................................................................................................................................... 43
principes van positief opvoeden ....................................................................................................................... 43
kinderen een veilige en stimulerende omgeving bieden .............................................................................. 43
kinderen laten leren door positieve ondersteuning ..................................................................................... 44
een aansprekende discipline hanteren ......................................................................................................... 44
realistische verwachtingen hebben van het kind .......................................................................................... 44
goed voor jezelf zorgen ................................................................................................................................. 44
opvoedingsstrategieën ...................................................................................................................................... 44
theoretische onderbouwing .............................................................................................................................. 45
zelfregulatie ...................................................................................................................................................... 46
wetenschappelijk onderzoek ............................................................................................................................ 46
Triple P in Vlaanderen ....................................................................................................................................... 46
kritische reflectie ............................................................................................................................................... 46
stop 4-7 .......................................................................................................................................................... 47
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 47
doelgroep .......................................................................................................................................................... 47
stop 4-7 programma ......................................................................................................................................... 47
sociale vaardigheidstraining voor kinderen .................................................................................................. 47
parent management training (oudertraining) ............................................................................................... 48
classroom management training (leerkrachttraining) .................................................................................. 48
werken aan vorming van nieuwe gewoontes ............................................................................................... 48
nemen van weloverwogen beslissingen ....................................................................................................... 49
resultaten ...................................................................................................................................................... 49
Gezinsondersteuning 3
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