CHEM 210 - PP NOTES: CHAPTERS 21, 22 & 23 Questions With Complete Solutions

Metabolism: correct answer: Catabolism + anabolism Catabolism: correct answer: Breakdown/ degradation of macromolecules = net gain of energy. -cells use energy conversion strategy that oxidizes glucose. -Small bits of energy are released at several points in the pathway called ATP (energy currency) Anabolism: correct answer: Buildup of macromolecule = loss of net energy Stages of Catabolism: correct answer: Stage 1: hydrolysis of macromolecules into smaller micro molecules/ subunits. Stage 2: Glycolysis Stage 3:Citric Acid Cycle AND Oxidative Phosphorylation ATP: correct answer: -Complete combustion of one mole of glucose yields 686 kcal -"go between" molecule that serves as: exergonic (energy-releasing in catabolic reactions) or endergonic (energy-requiring in anabolic reactions). -captures energy as phosphoanhydride bonds -hydrolysis of anhydride bonds provides energy for anabolism ATP-The Molecule: correct answer: A nucleotide that consists of: -nitrogenous base -5 carbon sugar-ribose -one, two, or three phosphorylation groups -A phosphoester bond joins the first phosphoryl group to the 5-carbon-sugar ribose. -second and third groups are joined by phosphoanhydride bonds (high energy). Hydrolysis of the phosphoanhydride bond: correct answer: -when bond is broken large amounts of energy is released. -can be used for phosphorylation of glucose or fructose. Hydrolysis + G6P: correct answer: Glucose + ATP yiel