Pediatric Final Exam Questions With Complete Solution

Screening tools to assess development in infants correct answer: Denver II Developmental Screening Test, Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (PDQ II), Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), Infant-Toddler Checklist for Language and Communication, Infant Development Inventory Respiratory system in infant correct answer: nasal passages are narrower, trachea and chest walls are more compliant, bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and narrower, larynx is more funnel shaped, tongue is larger, significantly fewer alveoli Warning signs indicating problems with sensory development in infant correct answer: young infant does not respond to loud noises, child does not focus on near object, infant does not start to make sounds or babble by 4 months of age, infant does not turn to locate sound at age 4 months, infant crosses eyes most of the time at age 6 months warning signs indicating problems with language development in infants correct answer: infant does not make sounds at 4 months of age, infant does not laugh or squeal by 6 months of age, infant does not babble by 8 months of age, infant does not use single words with meaning by 12 months nutrition after 6 months of age in infant correct answer: nutrients available in solid foods in addition to breast milk or formula, introduce one new food every 4 to 7 days for identification of food allergies physical growth of the toddler correct answer: reach half of adult height by age 2, average weight gain is 3 to 5 lb per year, heigh increases an average of 3 in per year, fontanels close by 18 months, head size more proportional to body by age 3 gross motor skills of toddler correct answer: running, climbing, jumping, pushing or pulling a toy, throwing a ball, pedaling a tricycle fine motor skills of toddler correct answer: progress from holding and pinching to the ability to manage utensils, holds a crayon, string a bead, and use a computer speech development in toddler correct answer: receptive language development ability to understand what is being said or asked, typically far more advanced in receptive language vs expressive langauge, echolalia and telegraphic speech occur commonly sensory development in toddlers correct answer: use all senses to explore the world, vision progresses, depth perception matures, hearing at adult level, sense of smell matures, taste discrimination not completely developed typical behaviors of toddlers correct answer: may rely on a security item, becomes aware of gender differences, may display aggressive behaviors, may show fear of loss of parents and of strangers, becomes more self aware, does not have clear body boundaries, separation anxiety may reoccur, and may resist