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NR508 Midterm Exam and Final Exam Test Bank / NR 508 Test Bank Midterm Exam and Final Exam (Updated-): Chamberlain College of Nursing $30.99
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17. Drugs are metabolized mainly by the liver via phase I or phase II reactions. The purpose of both of these types of reactions is to:
1. Inactivate prodrugs before they can be activated by target tissues
2. Change the drugs so they can cross plasma membranes
3. Change drug molecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete
4. Make these drugs more ionized & polar to facilitate excretion
18. Once they have been metabolized by the liver, the metabolites may be:
1. More active than the parent drug
2. Less active than the parent drug
3. Totally ―deactivated‖ so they are excreted without any effect
4. All of the above
19. All drugs continue to act in the body until they are changed or excreted. The ability of the body to excrete drugs via the renal system would
be increased by:
1. Reduced circulation & perfusion of the kidney
2. Chronic renal disease
3. Competition for a transport site by another drug
4. Unbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins
20. Steady state is:
1. The point on the drug concentration curve when absorption exceeds excretion
2. When the amount of drug in the body remains constant
3. When the amount of drug in the body stays below the minimum toxic concentration
4. All of the above
21. Two different pain medications are given together for pain relief. The drug—drug interaction is:
1. Synergistic
2. Antagonistic
3. Potentiative
4. Additive
22. Actions taken to reduce drug—drug interaction problems include all of the following EXCEPT:
1. Reducing the dosage of one of the drugs
2. Scheduling their administration at different times
3. Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse reaction of the combination
4. Reducing the dosage of both drugs
23. Phase I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require certain nutritional elements. Which of the following would reduce or
inhibit this process?
1. Protein malnutrition
2. Iron-deficiency anemia
3. Both 1 & 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
24. The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called:
1. Steady state
2. Half-life
3. Phase II metabolism
4. Reduced bioavailability time
25. An agonist activates a receptor & stimulates a response. When given frequently over time, the body may:
1. Upregulate the total number of receptors
2. Block the receptor with a partial agonist
3. Alter the drug’s metabolism
4. Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor
26. Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
1. Leads to major physiological & psychological dependence
2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered
4. Leads to a decreased physiological response when combined with another drug
27. Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral enteric-coated tablets should include which of the following statements?
1. ―Avoid any other oral medicines while taking this drug.‖
2. ―If swallowing this tablet is difficult, dissolve it in 3 ounces of orange juice.‖
3. ―The tablet may be crushed if you have any difficulty taking it.‖
4. ―To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least 8 ounces of fluid.‖
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