Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing- Chapter 28: Management of Patients with Structural, Infectious, and Inflammatory Cardiac Disorders questions with complete solution graded A+

A patient with mitral stenosis exhibits new symptoms of a dysrhythmia. Based on the pathophysiology of this disease process, the nurse would expect the patient to exhibit what heart rhythm? Ventricular fibrillation (VF) Ventricular tachycardia (VT) Atrial fibrillation Sinus bradycardia - Ventricular fibrillation (VF) Ventricular tachycardia (VT) Atrial fibrillation**** Sinus bradycardia Feedback: In patients with mitral valve stenosis, the pulse is weak and often irregular because of atrial fibrillation. Bradycardia, VF, and VT are not characteristic of this valvular disorder. A patient who has undergone a valve replacement with a mechanical valve prosthesis is due to be discharged home. During discharge teaching, the nurse should discuss the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to which of the following? Exposure to immunocompromised individuals Future hospital admissions Dental procedures Live vaccinations - Exposure to immunocompromised individuals Future hospital admissionsDental procedures*** Live vaccinations Feedback: Following mechanical valve replacement, antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary before dental procedures involving manipulation of gingival tissue, the periapical area of the teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa (not including routine anesthetic injections, placement of orthodontic brackets, or loss of deciduous teeth). There are no current recommendations around antibiotic prophylaxis prior to vaccination, future hospital admissions, or exposure to people who are immunosuppressed. A patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been admitted to the medical unit. During the nurse's admission interview, the patient states that she takes overthecounter "water pills" on a regular basis. How should the nurse best respond to the fact that the patient has been taking diuretics? Encourage the patient to drink at least 2 liters of fluid daily. Increase the patient's oral sodium intake. Inform the care provider because diuretics are contraindicated. Ensure that the patient's fluid balance is monitored vigilantly. - Encourage the patient to drink at least 2 liters of fluid daily.