An accurate description of anemia is:
a. Increased blood viscosity.
b. Depressed hematopoietic system.
c. Presence of abnormal hemoglobin.
d. Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. correct answers ANS: D
Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentra...
Maternal child Ch. 43 (100% correct answers)
An accurate description of anemia is:
a. Increased blood viscosity.
b. Depressed hematopoietic system.
c. Presence of abnormal hemoglobin.
d. Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. correct answers ANS: D
Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentration is reduced below
the normal values for age. This results in a decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Increased blood
viscosity is usually a function of too many cells or of dehydration, not of anemia. A depressed hematopoietic
system or abnormal hemoglobin can contribute to anemia, but the definition depends on
the deceased oxygen- carrying capacity of the blood.
Several blood tests are ordered for a preschool child with severe anemia. She is crying and upset because she
remembers the venipuncture done at the clinic 2 days ago. The nurse should explain that:
a. Venipuncture discomfort is very brief.
b. Only one venipuncture will be needed.
c. Topical application of local anesthetic can eliminate venipuncture pain.
d. Most blood tests on children require only a finger puncture because a small amount of blood is
needed correct answers ANS: C
Preschool children are very concerned about both pain and the loss of blood. When preparing the child for
venipuncture, a topical anesthetic will be used to eliminate any pain. This is a very traumatic experience for
preschool children. They are concerned about their bodily integrity. A local anesthetic should be used, and a
bandage should be applied to maintain bodily integrity. A promise that only one venipuncture will be needed
should not be made in case multiple attempts are required. Both finger punctures and venipunctures are
traumatic for children. Both require preparation.
The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with anemia is:
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 713
a. Activity Intolerance related to generalized weakness.
b. Decreased Cardiac Output related to abnormal hemoglobin.
c. Risk for Injury related to depressed sensorium.
d. Risk for Injury related to dehydration and abnormal hemoglobin correct answers ANS:
A The basic pathology in anemia is the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The nurse must assess
the childs activity level (response to the physiologic state). The nursing diagnosis would reflect the activity
intolerance. In generalized anemia no abnormal hemoglobin may be present. Only at a level of very severe
anemia does cardiac output become altered. No decreased sensorium exists until profound anemia occurs. Dehydration and abnormal hemoglobin are not usually part of anemia.
Which statement best explains why iron deficiency anemia is common during toddlerhood?
a. Milk is a poor source of iron.
b. Iron cannot be stored during fetal development.
c. Fetal iron stores are depleted by age 1 month.
d. Dietary iron cannot be started until age 12 months. correct answers ANS: A
Children between the ages of 12 and 36 months are at risk for anemia because cows milk is a major component
of their diet, and it is a poor source of iron. Iron is stored during fetal development, but the amount stored
depends on maternal iron stores. Fetal iron stores are usually depleted by age 5 to 6 months. Dietary iron can
be introduced by breastfeeding, iron-fortified formula, and cereals during the first 12 months of life.
When teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant about administering liquid iron preparations, the nurse
should include that:
a. They should be given with meals.
b. They should be stopped immediately if nausea and vomiting occur.
c. Adequate dosage will turn the stools a tarry green color.
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 714
d. Preparation should be allowed to mix with saliva and bathe the teeth before swallowing. correct answers ANS: C
The nurse should prepare the mother for the anticipated change in the childs stools. If the iron dose is adequate,
the stools will become a tarry green color. The lack of the color change may indicate insufficient iron. The iron
should be given in two divided doses between meals, when the presence of free hydrochloric acid is greatest.
Iron is absorbed best in an acidic environment. Vomiting and diarrhea may occur with iron administration. If
these occur, the iron should be given with meals, and the dosage reduced and gradually
increased as the child
develops tolerance. Liquid preparations of iron stain the teeth. They should be administered through a straw, and the mouth rinsed after administration. Iron dextran is ordered for a young child with severe iron deficiency anemia. Nursing considerations
include:
a. Administering with meals.
b. Administering between meals.
c. Injecting deeply into a large muscle.
d. Massaging injection site for 5 minutes after administration of drug correct answers ANS: C
Iron dextran is a parenteral form of iron. When administered intramuscularly, it must be injected into a large
muscle using the Z-track method. Iron dextran is for intramuscular or intravenous administration; it is not
taken orally. The site should not be massaged to prevent leakage, potential irritation, and staining of the skin.
The nurse is recommending how to prevent iron deficiency anemia in a healthy, term, breastfed infant. What
should she or he suggest?
a. Iron (ferrous sulfate) drops after age 1 month.
b. Iron-fortified commercial formula can be used by ages 4 to 6 months.
c. Iron-fortified infant cereal can be introduced at age 2 months.
d. Iron-fortified infant cereal can be introduced at approximately 6 months of age. correct answers ANS: D
Breast milk supplies inadequate iron for growth and development after age 5 months. Supplementation is
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 715
necessary at this time. Iron supplementation or the introduction of solid foods in a breastfed baby is not
indicated. Introducing iron-fortified infant cereal at 2 months should be done only if the mother is choosing to
discontinue breastfeeding.
A condition in which the normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin
is:
a. Aplastic anemia. c. Thalassemia major.
b. Sickle cell anemia. d. Iron deficiency anemia. correct answers ANS: B
Sickle cell anemia is one of a group of diseases collectively called hemoglobinopathies, in which normal adult
hemoglobin is replaced by abnormal hemoglobin. Aplastic anemia is a lack of cellular elements being
produced. Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders in which there is deficiency of one of the factors
necessary for coagulation. Iron deficiency anemia affects size and depth of color of hemoglobin and does not
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