New Update 2023 ATI Adult Medical Surgical Retake 1 Study Guide Updated 2023questions and accurate answer solution
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Course
ATI MED SURG
Institution
ATI MED SURG
New Update 2023 ATI Adult Medical
Surgical Retake 1 Study Guide Updated
2023questions and accurate answer
solution
Seizures and Epilepsy: Seizure precautions (62) --------- Answer --------- During a
seizure: Position client on the floor and provide a patent airway, turn client to side and
loo...
New Update 2023 ATI Adult Medical
Surgical Retake 1 Study Guide Updated
2023questions and accurate answer
solution
Seizures and Epilepsy: Seizure precautions (62) --------- Answer --------- During a
seizure: Position client on the floor and provide a patent airway, turn client to side and
loosen restrictive clothing
Cancer treatment options: Protective Isolation (999) --------- Answer --------- If WBC
drops below 1,000, place the client in a private room and initiate neutropenic
precautions.
- Have client remain in his room unless be needs to leave for a diagnostic procedure, in
case of transport place a mask on him
- Protect from possible sources of infection (plants, change water in equipment daily)
- Have client, staff and visitors perform frequent hand hygiene, restrict ill visitors
- Avoid invasive procedures (rectal temps, injections)
- Administer (neupogen, neulasta) to stimulate WBC production
Infection control: Appropriate room assignment --------- Answer --------- Standard
Precautions:
1. applies to all patients
2. Hand washing
a. alcohol based preferred unless hands visually soiled
3. Gloves - when touching anything that has the potential to contaminate.
4. Masks, eye protection & face shields when care may cause splashing or spraying of
body fluids
Droplet:
1. private room or with someone with same illness
2. masks
Airborne:
1. private room
2. masks or respiratory protection devices
a. use an N95 respirator for tuberculosis
3. Negative pressure airflow
4. full face protection if splashing or spraying is possible
Contact:
1. private room or room with same illness
2. gloves & gowns
,3. disposal of infections dressing materials into a single, nonporous bag without
touching the outside of the bag
TB: Priority action for a client in the emergency department (249) --------- Answer ---------
-Wear an N95 or HEPA respirator
-Place client in negative airflow room and implement airborne precautions
-use barrier protection when the risk of hand or clothing contamination exists
Immunizations: Recommended vaccinations for older adult clients (943) --------- Answer
--------- Adults age 50 or older:
-Pneumococcal Vaccine (PPSV)
- Influenza vaccine
- Herpes Zoster Vaccine
-Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Meningococcal Vaccine
Pulmonary Embolism: Risk factors for DVT (258) --------- Answer --------- -Long term
immobility
- Oral contraceptives
- Pregnancy
- Tobacco use
- Hypercoagulabilty
- Obesity
- Surgery
- Heart failure or chronic A-Fib
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (sickle cell)
-Long bone fractures
-Advanced age
Disorders of the male reproductive system: Complications of continuous irrigation
following Trans-urethral Resection (743) --------- Answer --------- -Urethral trauma
-Urinary retention
- Bleeding
- Infection
Stroke: Caring for a client who has left sided hemiplegia (155) --------- Answer --------- -
Observe extremities for injury
- Apply an arm sling if client is unable to care for the affected extremity
- Ensure foot rest is on wheel chair and ankle brace is on the affected foot
- Instruct client to dress the affected side first
Fractures and immobilization devices: Prevent complications (787) --------- Answer -------
-- -Assess neurovascular status of the affected body part for every hour for 24 hours
and Q4 hours after that
- Maintain body alignment
, - avoid lifting or removing weights
-Monitor pain level
- Monitor for signs of infection
- Support nutrition
Pain Management: use of non pharmacological methods of pain relief --------- Answer ---
------ - Cutaneous (skin) stimulation- TENS, heat, cold, therapeutic touch and massage
- Distraction (deep breathing, ambulation, visitors, TV and music)
- Relaxation (meditation, yoga and progressive muscle relaxation
-Imagery (focus on pleasant thoughts)
- Elevation of extremities to promote venous return
Acute Kidney injury and chronic kidney disease: Evaluating teaching about nutrition -----
---- Answer --------- -Restrict dietary intake of potassium, phosphate and magnesium
during oliguric phase
-K and Na is regulated according to stage of kidney injury
- high protein diet to replace the high rate of protein breakdown due to the stress from
the illness. Possible TPN
Heart failure and pulmonary edema: Dietary teaching about sodium restriction ---------
Answer --------- Maintain fluid and sodium restriction
Increase dietary intake of potassium
Pulmonary Embolism: Planning care for a client who is receiving enoxaparin ---------
Answer --------- -Assess for contraindications (active bleeding, peptic ulcer disease,
history of stroke, recent trauma)
-Monitor bleeding times (PT, aPTT and INR)
-Monitor for side effects such as thrombocytopenia, anemia and hemmorhage
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Reviewing Laboratory Values --------- Answer --------- -Positive
Anti- cyclic citrullinated peptide
-RF Antibody (Diagnostic level for RA is 1:40-1:60) expected reference range 1:20
- Elevated ESR
20-40 mild inflammation
40-70 moderate
70-150 severe
- Positive C-reactive protein
- Positive ANA titier
- Elevated WBC's
Medications affecting coagulation: Heparin Contraindications --------- Answer ---------
Avoid NSAIDS while on heparin
Antibiotics affecting protein synthesis: Adverse effects of gentamicin --------- Answer -----
---- -Ototoxicity: cochlear damage (hearing loss) and vestibular damage (loss of
balance).
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