GCSE history AQA summary notes (dyslexic friendly)
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History
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GCSE AQA history summary filled with all the notes for every topic. The topics covered are: Medicine (medieval to modern), WW2 Germany and Conflict & Tension. These notes helped me score an 8 on my GCSE's in 2022. These are well written, colourful and easy to read. They are also Dyslexia friendly
17th and 18th century medicine
Scientific medicine in the 17th and 18th century
In the 17th and 18th centuries the practice of scientific medicine in modern hospitals
began. These hospitals were either paid by the rich, such as Guy’s Hospital London
(1724),or by ‘private subscription’ where local people came together and paid.
Hospitals in the 18th century
- Many hospitals were built; 1720-1750 saw 5 new general hospitals built in
London.
- Patient numbers increased; London’s hospitals had over 20,000 patients a
year by 1800.
- Hospitals had specialist wards for different types of disease and often had
medical schools to train doctors.
- Hospital treatment was free but still mainly based on the 4 humours approach
of bleeding and purging.
- Attitudes to illness changed as more Christians thought it better to help the
sick than to argue about beliefs and types of church service.
- Fewer people thought that illness was a punishment for sin, instead they
thought illness could be dealt with by a more evidence-based scientific
approach.
- Towards the end of the 18th century some hospitals added pharmacies,
giving the poor free medicines, such as Edinburgh (1776)
- Specialists hospitals grew up such as London’s Lock Hospital for venereal
disease (1746) and a maternity hospital for the British Hospitals for Mothers
and Babies (1749)
John Hunter (1728-1793)
John Hunter was a pioneer of scientific surgery. He was appointed Surgeon to King
George 3rd in 1776, and Surgeon General to the army in 1790.
Hunter’s books
- Based on his observations, dissection skill and experimentation, as well as his
experience in the army. Example are The Natural History of the Teeth (1771),
On Venereal Disease (1786) and Blood Inflammation and Gunshot Wounds
(1794)
- Included his discoveries about the nature of disease, cancer and the
circulation of blood, with recommendations such as not enlarging gunshot
wounds when treating them
Hunter’s teaching
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