BIOL 235 Ch. 26 Test Questions with Complete Solutions

BIOL 235 Ch. 26 Test Questions with Complete Solutions Functions of Kidneys - ANSWER regulate blood volume and composition help regulate blood pressure, pH, and glucose levels produce two hormones (calcitriol and erythropoietin) excrete wastes in urine Renal Hilum - ANSWER area in the midportion of the kidney where the renal vessels and ureter enter and exit Renal Capsule - ANSWER a smooth, transparent sheet of dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter. It serves as a barrier against trauma and helps maintain the shape of the kidney deep layer of tissue surrounding the kidney Adipose Capsule - ANSWER a mass of fatty tissue surrounding the renal capsule. It also protects the kidney from trauma and holds it firmly in place within the abdominal cavity second layer of tissue surrounding the kidney Renal Fascia - ANSWER thin layer of dense irregular connective tissue that anchors the kidney to the surrounding structures and to the abdominal wall. superficial layer of tissue surrounding the kidney Renal Cortex - ANSWER outer region of the kidney divided into the cortical and juxtamedullary zones Renal Medulla - ANSWER the innermost part of the kidney Renal Pyramids - ANSWER triangular-shaped areas of tissue in the medulla of the kidney Renal Papilla - ANSWER apex of renal pyramid Renal Columns - ANSWER extensions of cortex in between pyramids Parenchyma - ANSWER functional portion of the kidney made up of the renal cortex and renal pyramids of the renal medulla Renal Lobe - ANSWER consists of a pyramid, portion of the cortex at the pyramid base, and a portion of the adjacent renal column Nephrons - ANSWER Functional units of the kidneys Papillary Ducts - ANSWER The largest and distal portions of the collecting duct system within each renal pyramid which deliver urine by peristalsis to the surface of the renal papillae and into the minor calyces Minor Calyx - ANSWER a cup-shaped extension of the pelvis that encircles the apex of a pyramid receives urine from the papillary ducts of one renal papilla and delivers it to a major calyx.