Exam (elaborations)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) correctly answered rated A+ 2023
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)Core Assumptions of CBT - correct answer 1) The client and therapist have a collaborative relationship.
2) Psychological distress is often maintained by cognitive processes.
--Thoughts cause Feelings and Behaviors
--You feel and do what you think
--Underlying ideas about the world, that we are not always aware of but they lead to assumptions
3) One focus is that changing cognitions can produce desired changes in affect and behavior.
4) The time limited focus is on the present.
5) The therapist takes an active and directive stance.
6) An educational treatment focusing on specific and structured target problems is necessary
Key Figures of CBT - correct answer Albert Ellis: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Aaron Beck: Cognitive Therapy (CT)
Christin Padesky and Kathleen Mooney: Strength Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (SB-CBT)
Donald Meichenbaum: Cognitive Behavior Modification (CBM)
,CBT is an Effective Treatment for (non-exclusive list) - correct answer -Anxiety disorders
-Depression
-Borderline Personality Disorder (DBT in particular)
Therapist's Role in CBT - correct answer -Help identify thinking errors (synonymous w/cognitive
distortions)
Illustrate the link between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
-Help them define what a thought is vs. what a feeling is
-Help client change thinking patterns
-Encourage rational/adaptive beliefs
Unconditional self-acceptance-we have flaws, accept them as part of who we are
-Unconditional other-acceptance-others have flaws, accept that
-Unconditional life acceptance: life has pain, tragedy-accept that they are part of joys/sufferings of life
-The above are similar to buddhist principles-meditation
Major Constructs of REBT (CBT) - correct answer Theory that cognitions control our emotions and
behaviors; therefore, changing the way we think about things will affect the way we feel and the way we
behave.
a)Assumes that conditions, emotions, and behaviors interact significantly and have a reciprocal cause
and effect relationship.
b)Emotions are mainly caused by our beliefs which influences our evaluations and interpretations,
ultimately leading to our reactions.
★View of Emotional Disturbance:
a)We learn irrational beliefs from others during childhood and recreate these irrational beliefs
throughout our lifetime.
-The Self-Defeating Rules (Irrational Beliefs)
Learned from family and life events then rehearsed and strengthened by the individual
, -Should's and Must
Occurs when an individual believes he/she must or should act a certain way in life
"I must be the best graduate student," or "I should always get an 'A'."
-Other examples include: all or nothing thinking (refers to thinking in extremes. You are either a success
or a failure. This binary way of thinking does not account for shades of gray, and can be responsible for a
great deal of negative evaluations of yourself and others), emotional reasoning (this is my fault),
overgeneralizing, etc.
b)We reinforce self defeating beliefs through autosuggestion and repetition and behave in ways
consistent w beliefs.
c)We must stop blaming ourselves and others to be healthy and learn to unconditionally accept
ourselves despite imperfections
3 Basic Musts (Or Irrational Beliefs) in REBT (CBT) - correct answer 1)"I must do well and be loved and
approved by others."
2)"Other people must treat me fairly."
3)"The world and my living conditions must be comfortable, gratifying, and just, providing me with all
that i want in life."
★These self defeating beliefs can be maintained which can cause emotional disturbances.
★Client's experience is in the present, it is person centered and existential, and homework is assigned.
The relationship between client-therapist is respectful, not necessarily warm. It is not simply about
insight but also action.
Cognitive Methods of REBT (CBT) - correct answer a) Disputing irrational beliefs
Examining evidence
-Tally each time you raised your hand and tally how many times you do get called on
looking at factual info in the environment
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