Health and Physical Education

The leading causes of illness, disease and death are not infectious by nature, but rather lifestyle related. Heart disease, obesity, and cancer are all influenced by and result from people's chosen behaviors Circulatory System the heart pumps blood in this system; blood passes through the right chambers of the heart and through the lungs, where it acquires oxygen and back into the left chambers of the heart where it is pumped into the aorta Respiratory System results from the expansion and contraction of the lungs for gas exchange in the body. Digestive System food provides the energy required for sustenance of the human body. After the fragmenting of food by chewing and mixing with saliva, digestion begins. Immune System the body defends itself against foreign proteins and infectious microorganisms by means of a complex immune system. Skeletal System consists of more than 200 bones held together by connective tissues called ligaments. bones attached to the skeletal muscles and the contractions affect movements Nervous System controls muscular contractions; has 2 divisions: the somatic, which allows voluntary control over skeletal muscle, and autonomic, or involuntary, which controls cardiac and glandular functions In order to lose weight calories burned must exceed calories consumed Basal Metabolic Rate the pace at which the body burns the vast majority of calories efficiently at rest Aerobic exercise a major component to successful weight loss 6 food groups grains (6-11 daily servings) vegetables (3-5 daily servings) fruits (2-4 daily servings) oils (use sparingly) milk (2-3 daily servings) Meat and beans (2-3 daily servings) Macro Nutrients carbs, proteins, and fats Micro Nutrients vitamins and minerals Stress is the product or either change, either negative or positive Ex: environmental factors such as noise, air pollution, and crowding. Physiological factors such as sickness and physical injuries, psychological factors such as self deprecating thoughts and negative self image certain warning signs can indicate that someone is using drugs or drinking too much lying to teachers and family members, avoiding people who are longtime friends or associates, having slurred speech, complaining of headaches, nausea, or dizziness, having difficultly staying awake in class, and bloodshot, glazed over, and/or squinting eyes. Child Abuse common problem in the United States; more than 2.5 million cases of child abuse and neglect are reported annually. 5% only 5% of autistic children ever become socially well-adjusted adults K and 1st can learn how to recognize advertisements that might lead them to unhealthy behavior 3rd or 4th should be able to demonstrate that they are able to make health-related decisions regarding advertisements in various media. Examples of good aerobic activities are walking, running, swimming, and bicycling True aerobic conditioning must last for at least 20 minutes in an individuals heart rate range On most days of the week, children should engage in at least 60 minutes of physical activity Gross motor skills hop on one foot and balance, climb stairs without support, kick a ball, throw overhand, catch a ball that has bounced, move forward and backward, and ride a tricycle. (age 3-4) Somersaults, use a swing, climb, and skip. (age 4-5) bounce a ball, skate, ride a bike, skip with both feet, and dress themselves independently (age 6) Fine motor skills using scissors, drawing single shapes, and copying shapes like capital letters. (age 3-4) Eating independently, using zippers, buttons, and possibly tying their shoe (4-5) Age 9-10 children can complete a model kit, learn to sew, and cook simple recipes. Catch a fly ball and participate in all elements of a softball game.