Lecture notes Cell And Molecular Biology (Proteins)
6 views 0 purchase
Course
Cell And Molecular Biology
Institution
Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU)
If you're studying a life science (e.g. - biomed, bioscience, physiology, sports science, sports physiology etc), then this detailed set of lecture notes on proteins will help you smash your first set of exams on cell/molecular biology!
You'll need an in depth knowledge of proteins and protein s...
AA, Proteins and Protein Synthesis 07/10/19
- Proteins are one of the 4 categories of biomolecules (proteins, fats, carbs and nucleic acids)
- Proteins = over 50% of the dry mass of most cells
- Functions include: structural support/storage/transport/antibodies and more
There are several types of proteins in living organisms, all with specific functions and role
- There are 20 standard amino acids that make up all known proteins – ranges from bacteria to
humans
- The way said acids are assembled determines the function of the protein therefore
accounting for the diversity of proteins
- At pH 7, carboxyl = conj. base form and amino = conj. acid
form
- Central C12 is chiral. Shape = tetrahedral and exist as
enantiomers (optical isomers so rotate plane polarized light)
- – L or D enantiomer (e.g. L-Alanine or D-Alanine). Only L –
amino acids = present in proteins.
- Racemization (where one enantiomer becomes equal
proportion of both forming racemic mixture)
- This can be bad as one enantiomer of a certain amino acid in
a medicine can be effective, but one can cause problems –
e.g. birth defects
- AA can be split into 4 groups:
Non-Polar side chains (hydrophobic) Polar side chains (hydrophilic)
- AA have important biological roles in addition to their role of protein construction.
- For example, arginine is the precursor of NO
- Tyrosine is the precursor of dopamine neurotransmitter
AA form peptides via peptide bonds formed by the condensation reaction between an OH from the
carboxyl group of one AA and the H from the amino group of another AA.
- In the AA cystine, a highly reactive sulfhydryl bond forms (SH).
- Reversible oxidisation of this forms a disulphide bridge/bond.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller jaz2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.75. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
