Comprehensive D115 quiz and answers
rated A+
A child with Down’s syndrome has had frequent respiratory tract infections since birth. What
should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
Feedback: Gastroesophageal reflux is commonly seen in children with Down syndrome and can
be severe enough to result in aspiration of stomach contents, causing respiratory symptoms such
as persistent coughing, wheezing, and pneumonia
The FNP understands that a female patient with a complete or partial absence of the second sex
chromosome may also display which of the following physical signs?
Ovarian failure
Feedback: Turner's syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 2500 live births. It is diagnosed by
complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome (45, X). Patients may also
demonstrate congenital lymphedema of hands and feet, webbed neck, high-arched palate, and
short fourth metacarpal. Short stature, Ovarian failure, cardiovascular and renal issues, ear
malformations, and other health problems, as well as amenorrhea due to premature ovarian
failure
An example of a disease that is caused by a chromosomal deletion is cri du chat syndrome.
Children affected with this disorder commonly display which of the following symptoms?
,Symptoms associated with cri du chat include low birth weight, severe intellectual disability,
microcephaly, and heart defects.
What type of immunity is the body's 3rd line of defense and includes the primary characteristics
of specificity and memory.
Adaptive
Feedback: The third line of defense in the human body is adaptive (acquired) immunity.
The local manifestations of inflammation result from vascular changes and the circulation of
associated components into the tissue. The 4 cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the
following:
Swelling, pain, heat, and redness are the cardinal signs of inflammation.
Patients with trisomy of the 21st chromosome are also predisposed to which of the following
diseases, which is also affected by alterations in the 21st chromosome?
Alzheimer Disease
Which assessment findings are typically associated with a diagnosis of systemic lupus
erythematous?
Joint pain, malar rash, and photosensitivity
Feedback: The symptoms most often experiences with SLE are arthritis, arthralgias, fatigue,
Reynaud phenomenon, chronic low-grade fever, sun sensitivity, hair loss, weakness, malar facial
rash, and weight loss.
, The FNP understands the the most common form of facial paralysis is bells palsy. This disorder
primarily affects which cranial nerve?
Bell palsy may be caused by reactivation of herpesviruses in cranial nerve VII
A patient presents with symptoms of fever, tachycardia, chills, throbbing headache, severe
photophobia, and nuchal rigidity. Based on the presumed diagnosis, the FNP understands that the
following symptoms may also occur in response to irritation and inflammation of the cranial
nerves:
deafness, tinnitus, and vertigo
Feedback: These symptoms can occur due to damage to cranial nerve VIII.
The clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis include diplopia, ptosis, ocular palsies, facial
droop, and difficulty swallowing and chewing. The symptoms are a direct result of a defect in
nerve impulse transmission at the neuromuscular junction. These symptoms usually have an
insidious onset and can commonly occur during which significant life event?
Pregnancy
When prescribing an antibiotic to treat acute otitis media, the FNP is aware that there are 4
common bacteria that cause AOM. Which of the following is not a common cause?
Streptococcus pyogenes - The most common pathogens are Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella
catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus.
During an intake interview with a 26-year-old patient diagnosed with generalized anxiety
disorder, the FNP might observe what type of behavior?
Inability to concentrate and irritability when questioned
rated A+
A child with Down’s syndrome has had frequent respiratory tract infections since birth. What
should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
Feedback: Gastroesophageal reflux is commonly seen in children with Down syndrome and can
be severe enough to result in aspiration of stomach contents, causing respiratory symptoms such
as persistent coughing, wheezing, and pneumonia
The FNP understands that a female patient with a complete or partial absence of the second sex
chromosome may also display which of the following physical signs?
Ovarian failure
Feedback: Turner's syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 2500 live births. It is diagnosed by
complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome (45, X). Patients may also
demonstrate congenital lymphedema of hands and feet, webbed neck, high-arched palate, and
short fourth metacarpal. Short stature, Ovarian failure, cardiovascular and renal issues, ear
malformations, and other health problems, as well as amenorrhea due to premature ovarian
failure
An example of a disease that is caused by a chromosomal deletion is cri du chat syndrome.
Children affected with this disorder commonly display which of the following symptoms?
,Symptoms associated with cri du chat include low birth weight, severe intellectual disability,
microcephaly, and heart defects.
What type of immunity is the body's 3rd line of defense and includes the primary characteristics
of specificity and memory.
Adaptive
Feedback: The third line of defense in the human body is adaptive (acquired) immunity.
The local manifestations of inflammation result from vascular changes and the circulation of
associated components into the tissue. The 4 cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the
following:
Swelling, pain, heat, and redness are the cardinal signs of inflammation.
Patients with trisomy of the 21st chromosome are also predisposed to which of the following
diseases, which is also affected by alterations in the 21st chromosome?
Alzheimer Disease
Which assessment findings are typically associated with a diagnosis of systemic lupus
erythematous?
Joint pain, malar rash, and photosensitivity
Feedback: The symptoms most often experiences with SLE are arthritis, arthralgias, fatigue,
Reynaud phenomenon, chronic low-grade fever, sun sensitivity, hair loss, weakness, malar facial
rash, and weight loss.
, The FNP understands the the most common form of facial paralysis is bells palsy. This disorder
primarily affects which cranial nerve?
Bell palsy may be caused by reactivation of herpesviruses in cranial nerve VII
A patient presents with symptoms of fever, tachycardia, chills, throbbing headache, severe
photophobia, and nuchal rigidity. Based on the presumed diagnosis, the FNP understands that the
following symptoms may also occur in response to irritation and inflammation of the cranial
nerves:
deafness, tinnitus, and vertigo
Feedback: These symptoms can occur due to damage to cranial nerve VIII.
The clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis include diplopia, ptosis, ocular palsies, facial
droop, and difficulty swallowing and chewing. The symptoms are a direct result of a defect in
nerve impulse transmission at the neuromuscular junction. These symptoms usually have an
insidious onset and can commonly occur during which significant life event?
Pregnancy
When prescribing an antibiotic to treat acute otitis media, the FNP is aware that there are 4
common bacteria that cause AOM. Which of the following is not a common cause?
Streptococcus pyogenes - The most common pathogens are Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella
catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus.
During an intake interview with a 26-year-old patient diagnosed with generalized anxiety
disorder, the FNP might observe what type of behavior?
Inability to concentrate and irritability when questioned
